File:The flooded entrance gateway in 1st pylon, of Temple of Isis, Philae, Egypt, 1900’s. (49413971547).jpg
原始文件 (2,770 × 3,380像素,文件大小:8.82 MB,MIME类型:image/jpeg)
摘要
描述The flooded entrance gateway in 1st pylon, of Temple of Isis, Philae, Egypt, 1900’s. (49413971547).jpg |
In 1902, the Aswan Low Dam was completed on the Nile River by the British. This threatened to submerge many ancient landmarks, including the temple complex of Philae. The height of the dam was raised twice, from 1907–1912 and from 1929–1934, and the island of Philae was nearly always flooded. In fact, the only times that the complex was not underwater was when the dam's sluices were open from July to October. It was proposed that the temples be relocated, piece by piece, to nearby islands, such as Bigeh or Elephantine. However, the temples' foundations and other architectural supporting structures were strengthened instead. Although the buildings were physically secure, the island's attractive vegetation and the colors of the temples' reliefs were washed away. Also, the bricks of the Philae temples soon became encrusted with silt and other debris carried by the Nile. The temples had been practically intact since the ancient days, but with each inundation the situation worsened and in the 1960s the island was submerged up to a third of the buildings all year round. In 1960 UNESCO started a project to try to save the buildings on the island from the destructive effect of the ever-increasing waters of the Nile. First, building three dams and creating a separate lake with lower water levels was considered.[26] First of all, a large coffer dam was built, constructed of two rows of steel plates between which a 1 million cubic metres (35 million cubic feet) of sand was tipped. Any water that seeped through was pumped away. Next the monuments were cleaned and measured, by using photogrammetry, a method that enables the exact reconstruction of the original size of the building blocks that were used by the ancients. Then every building was dismantled into about 40,000 units, and then transported to the nearby Island of Agilkia, situated on higher ground some 500 metres (1,600 ft) away. |
日期 | |
来源 | The flooded entrance gateway in 1st pylon, of Temple of Isis, Philae, Egypt, 1900’s. |
作者 | Julius Jääskeläinen |
许可协议
这幅图片原始出处为Flickr的https://flickr.com/photos/155661213@N08/49413971547 ,作者为Julius.jaa 。经机器人FlickreviewR 2在2020年6月24日审查后确定为采用cc-by-2.0的协议授权使用。 |
2020年6月24日
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创作作者 简体中文(已转写)
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知识共享署名2.0通用 简体中文(已转写)
20 1 2020
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当前 | 2020年6月24日 (三) 22:11 | 2,770 × 3,380(8.82 MB) | VisbyStar | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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作者 | Library of Congress |
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宽度 | 5,970 px |
高度 | 4,370 px |
每色彩组分位数 | 8 |
压缩方案 | 未压缩 |
像素构成 | 黑白(黑为0) |
方向 | 正常 |
色彩组分数 | 1 |
水平分辨率 | 800 dpi |
垂直分辨率 | 800 dpi |
数据排布 | 大块格式 |
使用软件 | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Windows) |
文件修改日期时间 | 2020年1月20日 (一) 12:21 |
色彩空间 | sRGB |
数字化日期时间 | 2020年1月9日 (四) 01:07 |
元数据最后修改日期 | 2020年1月20日 (一) 13:21 |
原始文件唯一ID | xmp.did:655373926C3BEA11A658DA57DF87E91D |
IIM版本 | 26,906 |