混杂沉积岩

混杂沉积岩（英語：Diamictite）是一種沉積岩，由未淘選或低淘選度的陸源沉積物組成，其顆粒大小差距很大，從粘土到巨礫，基質為泥岩或砂岩。該地質名詞由 Richard Foster Flint 和其他人創造的，作為一個純粹的描述性名詞，並沒有提及任何該名詞的起源^[1]。一些地質學家將這名詞僅用于未分選或分選差的礫岩或角礫岩，它們中的礫石顆粒少，被為泥岩或砂岩基質包圍。^[2] 。未岩石化的混杂沉积岩稱為混雜沉积物（英語：diamicton）。冰川沉積物，例如冰碛石和泥礫，也是混杂沉积岩一種，因爲它們的淘選度很低。混杂沉积岩經常被錯誤地解釋為冰川作用造成的。但事實上，最常見的混杂沉积岩來源是在構造運動活動區，由海底泥流或垮塌造成的。

也有在其他地質作用造成的^[3]^[4]。例如：

冰川來源：冰碛，融出碛，冰筏物及掉落石
火山來源：火山泥流
海洋來源：土石流，浊积岩，混雜堆積
構造起源：斷層泥
侵蝕起源：風化層的泥石流

參考文獻

^ Flint, R.F., J.E. Sanders, and J. Rodgers (1960) Diamictite, a substitute term for symmictite Geological Society of America Bulletin. 71(12):1809–1810.
^ Tucker, M.E. (2003) Sedimentary Rocks in the Field John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York, New York. 244 pp. ISBN 978-0-470-85123-4
^ Eyles, N.; Januszczak, N. (2004). "’Zipper-rift’: A tectonic model for Neoproterozoic glaciations during the breakup of Rodinia after 750 Ma". Earth-Science Reviews 65 (1-2): 1-73. (pdf 4 Mb) 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-11-28.
^ Huber, H., Koeberl, C., McDonald, I., Reimold, W.U.: Geochemistry and petrology of Witwatersrand and Dwyka diamictites from South Africa: Search for an extraterrestrial component. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 12, pp. 2007–2016, 2001. (pdf 470 Kb)

[FlintOthers1960a-1] Flint, R.F., J.E. Sanders, and J. Rodgers (1960) Diamictite, a substitute term for symmictite Geological Society of America Bulletin. 71(12):1809–1810.

[Tucker2003a-2] Tucker, M.E. (2003) Sedimentary Rocks in the Field John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York, New York. 244 pp. ISBN 978-0-470-85123-4

[eyles_2004-3] Eyles, N.; Januszczak, N. (2004). "’Zipper-rift’: A tectonic model for Neoproterozoic glaciations during the breakup of Rodinia after 750 Ma". Earth-Science Reviews 65 (1-2): 1-73. (pdf 4 Mb) 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-11-28.

[4] Huber, H., Koeberl, C., McDonald, I., Reimold, W.U.: Geochemistry and petrology of Witwatersrand and Dwyka diamictites from South Africa: Search for an extraterrestrial component. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 12, pp. 2007–2016, 2001. (pdf 470 Kb)

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