象属 (学名 :Elephas )又名亚洲象属 ,是象科 现存的两属之一,亚洲象 是其唯一现存物种。[1]
本属还包含若干灭绝 物种。本属物种曾遍布欧亚非大陆 ,但现在仅剩南亚 及东南亚 有分布。本属也与猛犸象属 有密切的亲缘关系。[2]
分类
象属属于长鼻目 象科 ,下列为现存及已灭绝的物种、亚种及亚属:
象科 Elephantidae
象属 Elephas
亚洲象 Elephas maximus
印度象 Elephas maximus indicus
锡兰象 Elephas maximus maximus
苏门答腊象 Elephas maximus sumatranus
中国象 Elephas maximus rubridens †
叙利亚象 Elephas maximus asurus †
婆罗洲象 Elephas maximus borneensis —已发表但还未被正式承认[1] [3]
拜氏侏儒象 Elephas beyeri †
苏拉威西侏儒象 Elephas celebensis †
古亞洲象 Elephas hysudricus †
爪哇象 Elephas hysudrindicus †
Elephas iolensis †
Elephas planifrons †
Elephas platycephalus †
雷基象 Elephas recki †
Elephas recki atavus †
Elephas recki brumpti †
Elephas recki ileretensis †
Elephas recki illertensis †
Elephas recki recki †
Elephas recki shungurensis †
参考文献
^ 1.0 1.1 Shoshani, Jeheskel . Order Proboscidea (pp. 90-91). Wilson, Don E., and Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds (编). [http://google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA90 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] 3rd. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press , 2 vols. (2142 pp.). 16 November 2005: 90 [2011年11月1日] . ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0 . OCLC 62265494 . (原始内容 存档于2012年1月23日).
^ Fleischer, R. C.; Perry, E. A.; Muralidharan, K.; Stevens, E. E.; Wemmer, C. M. (2001). Phylogeography of the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) based on mitochondrial DNA (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ). Evolution 55(9): 1882–1892
^ Fernando, P., Vidya, T.N.C., Payne, J., Stuewe, M., Davison, G., et al. (2003) DNA Analysis Indicates That Asian Elephants Are Native to Borneo and Are Therefore a High Priority for Conservation (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ). PLoS Biol 1(1): e6
Todd, N. E. 2001. African Elephas recki: Time, space and taxonomy , In: Cavarretta, G., P. Gioia, M. Mussi, and M. R. Palombo. The World of Elephants, Proceedings of the 1st International Congress , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Rome, Italy. Online pdf
Todd, N. E. 2005. Reanalysis of African Elephas recki: Implications for time, space and taxonomy , Quaternary International 126-128:65-72