雷美替胺

**雷美替胺**
臨床資料
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Rozerem, others
其他名稱	TAK-375
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a605038
核准狀況	美 DailyMed: Ramelteon;
依賴性	低
给药途径	口服
ATC碼	N05CH02 (WHO) ;
法律規範狀態
法律規範	美：处方药（℞-only）;
藥物動力學數據
生物利用度	1.8%
血漿蛋白結合率	82%（大多为白蛋白）
药物代谢	肝（CYP1A2，少部分由CYP2C（英语：CYP2C）与CYP3A4代谢）
代謝產物	M-II（活性代谢产物）
生物半衰期	雷美替胺：1–2.6小时; M-II：2–5小时
排泄途徑	尿液84%; 粪便4%
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 (S)-N-[2-(1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-indeno-[5,4-b]; furan-8-yl)ethyl]propionamide; ;
CAS号	196597-26-9
PubChem CID	208902;
IUPHAR/BPS	1356;
DrugBank	DB00980 ;
ChemSpider	9033484 ;
UNII	901AS54I69;
KEGG	D02689 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL133775 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID6045951 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.215.666
化学信息
化学式	C16H21NO2
摩尔质量	259.35 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES CCC(=O)NCC[C@@H]1CCc2ccc3c(c21)CCO3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H21NO2/c1-2-15(18)17-9-7-12-4-3-11-5-6-14-13(16(11)12)8-10-19-14/h5-6,12H,2-4,7-10H2,1H3,(H,17,18)/t12-/m1/s1 ; Key:YLXDSYKOBKBWJQ-GFCCVEGCSA-N ;

雷美替胺，商品名柔速瑞（Rozerem），是可治疗因难以入睡而失眠的褪黑激素受体激动剂（英语：melatonin agonist）。^[2]^[4]它可减少入睡所需的时间，但临床益处较少。^[5]它是口服药。^[2]

雷美替胺的副作用包括昏睡、头晕、疲劳、恶心、失眠加剧、激素水平改变。^[2]它是褪黑激素的结构类似物，也是褪黑激素受体1A（英语：MT1 receptor）和褪黑激素受体1B（英语：MT2 receptor）的选择性激动剂。^[2]雷美替胺的生物半衰期和药效持续时间都比褪黑激素长。^[6]它不是苯二氮䓬类或非苯二氮䓬类药物（英语：Z-drug），不作用于GABA受体，有独特的作用机制。^[2]^[7]

雷美替胺于2002年发现，^[8]2005年获批用于医药。^[9]

参考资料

^ Kim, HK; Yang, KI. Melatonin and melatonergic drugs in sleep disorders.. Translational and clinical pharmacology. December 2022, 30 (4): 163–171. PMC 9810491 . PMID 36632077. doi:10.12793/tcp.2022.30.e21 .
^ ^2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 ^2.11 ^2.12 ^2.13 Rozerem- ramelteon tablet, film coated. DailyMed. 2018-12-28 [2020-04-13].
^ Karim A, Tolbert D, Cao C. Disposition kinetics and tolerance of escalating single doses of ramelteon, a high-affinity MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor agonist indicated for treatment of insomnia. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. February 2006, 46 (2): 140–148. PMID 16432265. S2CID 38171735. doi:10.1177/0091270005283461.
^ Neubauer DN. A review of ramelteon in the treatment of sleep disorders. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. February 2008, 4 (1): 69–79. PMC 2515902 . PMID 18728808. doi:10.2147/ndt.s483 .
^ Kuriyama A, Honda M, Hayashino Y. Ramelteon for the treatment of insomnia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine. April 2014, 15 (4): 385–392. PMID 24656909. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.788.
^ Hardeland R, Poeggeler B, Srinivasan V, Trakht I, Pandi-Perumal SR, Cardinali DP. Melatonergic drugs in clinical practice. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 2008, 58 (1): 1–10. PMID 18368944. S2CID 38857779. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1296459.
^ Atkin T, Comai S, Gobbi G. Drugs for Insomnia beyond Benzodiazepines: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Discovery. Pharmacological Reviews. April 2018, 70 (2): 197–245. PMID 29487083. S2CID 3578916. doi:10.1124/pr.117.014381 .
^ Uchikawa O, Fukatsu K, Tokunoh R, Kawada M, Matsumoto K, Imai Y, et al. Synthesis of a novel series of tricyclic indan derivatives as melatonin receptor agonists. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. September 2002, 45 (19): 4222–4239. PMID 12213063. doi:10.1021/jm0201159.
^ Drug Approval Package: Rozerem (Ramelteon) NDA #021782. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2005-10-20 [2020-04-13].

外部链接

Ramelteon. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Yang2022-1] Kim, HK; Yang, KI. Melatonin and melatonergic drugs in sleep disorders.. Translational and clinical pharmacology. December 2022, 30 (4): 163–171. PMC 9810491 . PMID 36632077. doi:10.12793/tcp.2022.30.e21 .

[Rozerem_FDA_label-2] 2.00 ^2.01 ^2.02 ^2.03 ^2.04 ^2.05 ^2.06 ^2.07 ^2.08 ^2.09 ^2.10 ^2.11 ^2.12 ^2.13 Rozerem- ramelteon tablet, film coated. DailyMed. 2018-12-28 [2020-04-13].

[3] Karim A, Tolbert D, Cao C. Disposition kinetics and tolerance of escalating single doses of ramelteon, a high-affinity MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor agonist indicated for treatment of insomnia. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. February 2006, 46 (2): 140–148. PMID 16432265. S2CID 38171735. doi:10.1177/0091270005283461.

[pmid18728808-4] Neubauer DN. A review of ramelteon in the treatment of sleep disorders. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. February 2008, 4 (1): 69–79. PMC 2515902 . PMID 18728808. doi:10.2147/ndt.s483 .

[pmid24656909-5] Kuriyama A, Honda M, Hayashino Y. Ramelteon for the treatment of insomnia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine. April 2014, 15 (4): 385–392. PMID 24656909. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.788.

[pmid18368944-6] Hardeland R, Poeggeler B, Srinivasan V, Trakht I, Pandi-Perumal SR, Cardinali DP. Melatonergic drugs in clinical practice. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 2008, 58 (1): 1–10. PMID 18368944. S2CID 38857779. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1296459.

[pmid29487083-7] Atkin T, Comai S, Gobbi G. Drugs for Insomnia beyond Benzodiazepines: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Discovery. Pharmacological Reviews. April 2018, 70 (2): 197–245. PMID 29487083. S2CID 3578916. doi:10.1124/pr.117.014381 .

[pmid12213063-8] Uchikawa O, Fukatsu K, Tokunoh R, Kawada M, Matsumoto K, Imai Y, et al. Synthesis of a novel series of tricyclic indan derivatives as melatonin receptor agonists. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. September 2002, 45 (19): 4222–4239. PMID 12213063. doi:10.1021/jm0201159.

[FDA2005-9] Drug Approval Package: Rozerem (Ramelteon) NDA #021782. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2005-10-20 [2020-04-13].

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