User:Jdam-mk84/大韓民國空軍

维基百科，自由的百科全书
Republic of Korea Air Force
  • 대한민국 공군
  • Daehanminguk Gong-gun
Republic of Korea Air Force emblem
國家或地區 韩国
種類Air force
功能Aerial warfare
規模
  • 65,000 (2022)[1]
  • 720 aircraft
直屬 韩国
HeadquartersGyeryong, South Korea
格言
  • 대한민국을 지키는 가장 높은 힘
  • "The Highest Power Defending the Republic of Korea"[2]
進行曲
  • 공군가
  • "Air Force Anthem"[3][4]
吉祥物"Haneuli" and "Purumae"
參與戰役
指挥官
President Yoon Suk Yeol
Minister of National Defense Shin Won-sik
Chief of Staff of Air Force General Lee Young-su
標識
Flag
Logo
Roundel
Low Visibility Roundel
飛機
電戰機E-7A
戰鬥機F-5E/F, F-4E, F-16C, F-15K, FA-50, F-35A
直昇機Bell 412, CH-47D, HH-60P, S-92, Ka-32, MD 500 Defender, Eurocopter AS332
攻擊直昇機MD 500 Defender
巡邏機RQ-4 Global Hawk
偵察機RC-800, Dassault Falcon 2000
教練機KAI KT-1, TA-50/50B, KT-100
運輸機Boeing 747, Boeing 737, CASA CN-235, C-130H, C-130J
空中加油機KC-30A

The Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF; ), also known as the ROK Air Force or South Korean air force, is the aerial warfare service branch of South Korea, operating under the South Korean Ministry of National Defense.

History

1945年の大日本帝国の敗戦により日本による朝鮮統治が終了し、帰国した航空関係者約500人が韓国航空建設協会を結成して航空部隊の建設を建議したがアメリカ軍は認めなかった。そこで統衛部情報局長代理の金英煥が交渉した結果、1948年3月に陸軍の一部として軽飛行隊の創設を認められた。

1948年4月に金貞烈、朴範集、崔用徳、李永茂、李根晳、張徳昌、金英煥の7人が航空幹部要員として歩兵学校に入学して1か月間の基礎軍事教育を終えた。5月1日に警備士官学校に入学して2週間の教育を受けて5月14日に少尉に任官した[5]。そして第1旅団司令部に航空部隊を創設し、司令官は白仁燁が就任した[5]。9月4日にアメリカ合衆国より10機のパイパーL-4グラスホッパーを寄贈され、翌5日に朝鮮警備隊が大韓民国陸軍に改編されると、自動的に陸軍航空隊に改称された。そして15日に初の編隊飛行を行った。しかしL-4型連絡機では航続距離が短いため、1948年末までにL-5型偵察用連絡機10機が導入された。さらに1949年1月には陸軍航空学校を設立した。

L-5型連絡機の購入を機に航空首脳部は空軍の独立を提唱したが、連絡機20機だけで、しかもアメリカ空軍でさえ独立してから1年余りしか経っていない時であったので、顧問団長のロバー准将（William L. Roberts）は時期尚早、参謀総長の蔡秉德少将は空地協同の建前から空軍独立に反対した。そこで金貞烈が李承晩大統領と申性模国防部長官らに直接訴え、蔡秉徳に執拗に説き、1949年10月1日に現在の韓国空軍が正式に発足した。North American T-6（국민성금 헌납기(T-6 건국기) (國民誠金 獻納機(T-6 建國機)）國民誠金 獻納機（朝鲜语：국민성금 헌납기）

その後、1950年に朝鮮戦争が勃発した際、北朝鮮がヤコヴレフYak-9やラーヴォチュキン La-7を当時のソビエト連邦から輸入し、朝鮮人民軍空軍に導入したことを受けて、P-51D マスタングをはじめとする110機を導入、アメリカ空軍からもパイロットが派遣され、軍事規模を拡大して行った。

さらに1960年代から1970年代になると、北朝鮮の脅威からF-86やF-5、F-4といった戦闘機も配備されて行き、1990年代にはF-16・KF-16、2000年代にはF-15Eの韓国型であるF-15Kが導入される等の近代化が進行している。KT-1やT-50といった練習機を国産しているほか、国産戦闘機KF-21の開発も行っている。 2020年代においてもF-35Aの導入など最新鋭機への更新が随時行われている。

2003年には南部戦闘司令部と北部戦闘司令部が設けられた。これらは2015年にはそれぞれ空中戦闘司令部と空中機動偵察司令部に改編された。

1940s

二戰結束後不久，韓國航空建設協會於1946年8月10日成立，宣傳空中力量的重要性。儘管當時韓國武裝部隊的地位微薄，但第一支空軍部隊還是在 1948 年 5 月 5 日在現代韓國國防部前身董為部的指揮下組建了。1949年9月13日，美國向韓國空軍捐贈了10架L-4草蜢觀察機。1949年1月陸軍航空學院成立，1949年10月韓國空軍正式成立。

Shortly after the end of World War II, the South Korean Air Construction Association was founded on August 10, 1946, to publicize the importance of air power. Despite the then-scanty status of Korean armed forces, the first air unit was formed on May 5, 1948, under the direction of Dong Wi-bu, the forerunner to the modern South Korean Ministry of National Defense. On September 13, 1949, the United States contributed 10 L-4 Grasshopper observation aircraft to the South Korean air unit. An Army Air Academy was founded in January 1949, and the ROKAF was officially founded in October 1949.

1950s

20 世紀 50 年代是韓國空軍的關鍵時期，因為它在朝鮮戰爭期間急劇擴張。戰爭爆發時，韓國空軍有1800名人員，但只配備了20架教練機和聯絡機，其中包括從加拿大購買的10架北美T-6德州高級教練機。北韓空軍從蘇聯購買了相當數量的Yak-9和La-7戰鬥機，在規模和實力上使韓國空軍相形見絀。不過，在戰爭期間，韓國空軍購買了 110 架飛機，其中包括 79 架戰鬥轟炸機、三個戰鬥機中隊和一個戰鬥機聯隊。作為Bout One計畫的一部分，接收的第一架戰鬥機是北美 F-51D 野馬機，以及由Dean Hess少校指揮的美國空軍教官飛行員分隊。韓國空軍參與了轟炸行動並獨立飛行。戰後，韓國空軍總部遷至首爾大方洞。空軍大學也成立於1956年。

The 1950s were a critical time for the ROKAF as it expanded tremendously during the Korean War. At the outbreak of the war, the ROKAF consisted of 1,800 personnel but was equipped with only 20 trainers and liaison aircraft, including 10 North American T-6 Texan advanced trainers purchased from Canada. The North Korean Air Force had acquired a considerable number of Yak-9 and La-7 fighters from the Soviet Union, dwarfing the ROKAF in terms of size and strength. During the war, though, the ROKAF acquired 110 aircraft - 79 fighter-bombers, three fighter squadrons, and one fighter wing. The first combat aircraft received was North American F-51D Mustangs, along with a contingent of US Air Force instructor pilots under the command of Major Dean Hess, as part of Bout One Project. The ROKAF participated in bombing operations and flew independent sorties. After the war, the ROKAF Headquarters were moved to Daebangdong, Seoul. Air Force University was also founded in 1956.

P-51 Mustangs were among the first fighter aircraft for the ROKAF

1960s

為了應對北韓可能侵略的威脅，韓國空軍的能力得到了大幅增強。韓國空軍購買了北美 T-28 特洛伊教練機、北美 F-86D 佩刀夜間和全天候攔截機、諾斯羅普 F-5戰鬥機和麥道 F-4D 幻影戰鬥轟炸機。空軍作戰司令部成立於 1961 年，旨在確保高效的指揮和控制設施。1966年成立空軍後勤司令部，興建緊急跑道，供戰時緊急使用。Eunma 部隊成立於 1966 年，負責運作柯蒂斯 C-46 突擊隊運輸機，用於支援越戰期間在南越服役的韓國陸軍和海軍陸戰隊部隊。[5]

To counter the threat of possible North Korean aggression, the ROKAF underwent a substantial capability enhancement. The ROKAF acquired North American T-28 Trojan trainers, North American F-86D Sabre night- and all-weather interceptors, Northrop F-5 fighters and McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom fighter bombers. Air Force Operations Command was established in 1961 to secure efficient command and control facilities. Air Force Logistics Command was established in 1966, and emergency runways were constructed for emergency use during wartime. The Eunma Unit was founded in 1966 to operate Curtiss C-46 Commando transport aircraft used to support Republic of Korea Army and Republic of Korea Marine Corps units serving in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.[6]

1970s

1970 年代，隨著北韓日益好戰，韓國空軍面臨安全風險。韓國政府增加了對韓國空軍的支出，導致於 1974 年 8 月購買了諾斯羅普 F-5E 虎 II戰鬥機和 F-4E 戰鬥轟炸機。當時也購買了Fairchild C-123 Providers和Grumman S-2 Trackers等支援飛機。高度重視飛行訓練計畫；購買了新型教練機（塞斯納T-41 Mescalero和塞斯納T-37），並於1973年成立了空軍教育訓練司令部，以鞏固和提高人才培訓品質。

The ROKAF was posed with a security risk, with an increasingly belligerent North Korea throughout the 1970s. The South Korean government increased its expenditure on the ROKAF, resulting in the purchase of Northrop F-5E Tiger II fighters in August 1974 and F-4E fighter-bombers. Support aircraft, such as Fairchild C-123 Providers and Grumman S-2 Trackers were also purchased at the time. Great emphasis was placed on the flight training program; new trainer aircraft (Cessna T-41 Mescalero and Cessna T-37) were purchased, and the Air Force Education & Training Command was also founded in 1973 to consolidate and enhance the quality of personnel training.

1980s

韓國空軍專注於飛機的品質擴張，以趕上北韓空軍的實力。1982 年，F-5E 的韓國改型「Jegong-ho」首次生產。當北韓飛行員李雄平上尉叛逃到韓國時，韓國空軍收集了大量有關北韓空軍的資訊。北韓作戰行動資訊中心很快就成立，防空系統實現自動化，以獲得針對北韓的空中優勢。1988 年漢城奧運會在韓國舉行時，韓國空軍透過協助監督整個安全系統，為本屆賽事的成功做出了貢獻。韓國空軍也將總部和空軍教育訓練司令部遷至其他地點。1989年也購買了 40架通用動力的F-16戰鬥機。

The ROKAF concentrated on the qualitative expansion of aircraft to catch up to the strength of the North Korean Air Force. In 1982, Korean variants of the F-5E, the Jegong-ho were first produced. The ROKAF gathered a good deal of information on the North Korean Air Force when Captain Lee Woong-Pyeong, a North Korean pilot, defected to South Korea. The Korean Combat Operations Information Center was soon formed and the Air Defence System was automated to attain air superiority against North Korea. When the 1988 Seoul Olympics was held in South Korea, the ROKAF contributed to the success of this event by helping to oversee the entire security system. The ROKAF also moved its headquarters and the Air Force Education & Training Command to other locations. 40 General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon fighters were also purchased in 1989.

1990s

海灣戰爭期間，韓國承諾支持聯軍，組成「比馬部隊」參戰。1993年，韓國空軍也為索馬利亞維和行動提供了空運支援。對國際行動的參與程度不斷提高，反映了韓國空軍國際地位的提升。1994 年，作為和平橋 II 和 III 計劃的一部分，引進了超過 180 架F-16 Block 52規格的KF-16戰鬥機。1997 年，韓國航空史上首次招收女學員進入韓國空軍學院。

South Korea committed its support for coalition forces during the Persian Gulf War, forming the "Bima Unit" to fight in the war. The ROKAF also provided airlift support for peacekeeping operations in Somalia in 1993. The increased participation in international operations depicted the ROKAF's elevated international position. Over 180 KF-16 fighters of F-16 Block 52 specifications were introduced as part of the Peace Bridge II & III program in 1994. In 1997, for the first time in Korean aviation history, female cadets were accepted into the Korean Air Force Academy.

2000s

韓國最後一批舊的60架F-5A/B戰鬥機已於2007年8月全部退役，並被F-15K和F/A-50取代。2009年10月20日，美國空軍副部長布魯斯·S·萊姆金表示，韓國空軍有限的情報、監視和偵察（ISR）能力增加了朝鮮半島不穩定的風險，並建議購買美國系統，例如F -35 閃電II彌補了這一差距。[6]

The last of the old South Korean 60 F-5A/B fighters were all retired in August 2007, and they were replaced with the F-15K and F/A-50. On October 20, 2009, Bruce S. Lemkin, deputy undersecretary of the U.S. Air Force, said that the ROKAF's limited intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities increased the risk of instability on the Korean Peninsula and suggested the purchase of American systems such as the F-35 Lightning II to close this gap.[7]

2010s

韓國空軍也表示有興趣購買RQ-4全球鷹 遙控飛行器（RPV）和多個聯合直接攻擊彈藥轉換套件，以進一步提高其情報和進攻能力。2014年，諾斯羅普·格魯曼公司簽訂了一份向韓國提供四架RQ-4 Global的合約。[7]韓國空軍採購了 40 架 F-35 和另外 20 架 F-35。

The South Korean Air Force also expressed interest in acquiring the RQ-4 Global Hawk remotely piloted vehicle (RPV) and several Joint Direct Attack Munition conversion kits to further improve its intelligence and offensive capabilities. In 2014, Northrop Grumman awarded a contract to provide South Korea with four RQ-4 Global.[8] The South Korean Air Force acquired 40 F-35s and +20 additional F-35.

2020s

2021年，太空作戰中心在空軍總部成立。[8]

2023 年 10 月 22 日，韓國空軍在朝鮮半島附近與美國和日本空軍進行了首次三邊演習。[9]

In 2021, the Space Operations Center was established at the Air Force Headquarters.[9]

On 22 October 2023, the ROKAF conducted its first-ever trilateral exercise with the United States and Japanese air forces near the Korean Peninsula.[10]

Organization

A Lockheed C-130 Hercules transport aircraft

Republic of Korea Air Force Headquarters

  • Republic of Korea Air Force Headquarters
    • 7th Airforce Communication Service Group
    • 35th Flight Group, based at Seongnam
    • 52nd Test & Evaluation Group
    • 53rd Air Demonstration Group, based at Wonju
    • 91st Civil Engineer Group
    • Air Force Aerospace Medical Center
    • Air Force Weather Group
  • Air Force Operations Command
    • Korean Air And Space Operations Center
    • Air Combat Command
      • 1st Fighter Wing, based at Gwangju (T-50)
      • 8th Fighter Wing, based at Wonju (FA-50, KA-1, HARPY)
      • 10th Fighter Wing, based at Suwon (KF-5E/F, F-4E)
      • 11th Fighter Wing, based at Daegu (F-15K)
      • 16th Fighter Wing, based at Yecheon (TA-50, FA-50)
      • 17th Fighter Wing, based at Cheongju (F-35A)
      • 18th Fighter Wing, based at Gangneung (KF-5E/F)
      • 19th Fighter Wing, based at Chungju (KF-16, F-16)
      • 20th Fighter Wing, based at Seosan (KF-16)
      • 29th Tactical Fighter Weapons Group, based at Cheongju
      • 38th Fighter Group, based at Gunsan (KF-16)
    • Air Mobility & Reconnaissance Command
      • 3rd Flying Training Wing, based at Sacheon (KT-1)
      • 5th Air Mobility Wing, based at Gimhae (C-130, CN-235, KC-330)
      • 15th Special Missions Wing, based at Seongnam (C-130, CN-235)
      • 39th Reconnaissance Wing, based at Chungju (RF-16, RC-800)[11]
      • 6th Search & Rescue Air Group, based at Cheongju
        • 231st Search and Rescue Squadron
        • 233th Search and Rescue Squadron
        • 235th Search and Rescue Squadron
        • Special search and Rescue squad
      • 28th Flight Group
      • 51st Air Control Flight Group, based at Gimhae (E-737)
        Boeing 737 AEW&C aircraft of the Republic of Korea Air Force
    • Air & Missile Defense Command
      • 1st Air & Missile Defense Brigade
      • 2nd Air & Missile Defense Brigade
      • 3rd Air & Missile Defense Brigade[12]
    • Air Defense Control Command
      • 31st Air Defense Control Group (1MCRC)
      • 32nd Air Defense Control Group (2MCRC)
      • 33rd Air Defense Control Group
      • 34th Air Defense Control Group
  • Air Force Logistics Command
  • Air Force Education & Training Command
    • Basic Military Training Wing
    • Air Force Aviation Science High School
    • 1st Logistics School
    • 2nd Logistics School
    • Information Communication School
    • Administrative School
    • Air Defence Artillery School
    • Boramae Leadership Center
  • Air Force Academy

Current Major Projects

KF-X future fighter program

KF-X未來戰鬥機計畫 主詞條：KAI KF-21 Boramae 韓國航空航太工業公司 (KAI) KF-21 Boramae（北方蒼鷹）是一款多用途 4.5 代戰鬥機，由韓國 KAI 和印尼 PT DI 製造。其性能介於輕型 FA-50 戰鬥機和高級遠程重載 F-15K 和 F-35 Lightning II 之間。[12] [13]

主条目：KAI KF-21 Boramae

The Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) KF-21 Boramae (Northern Goshawk) is a multi-role 4.5 generation fighter built By Korean KAI and Indonesian PT DI. It will have capabilities in between the light FA-50 fighter and the high-grade, long-range, heavy payload F-15K and F-35 Lightning II.[13][14]

Mid-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (MUAV)

主詞條：KUS-FS 男 自主開發的KUS-FS，綽號為MUAV或韓國無人系統（KUS-FS），設計用於武裝陸地和海上情報、監視和偵察（ISR）任務，續航時間長達24小時。它於2012 年進行首飛。大韓航空航太部門(KAL-ASD) 於2019 年推出了配備LIG Nex1 SAR 和韓華光電/紅外線感測器的MALE 無人機，計劃於2021 年進行批量生產。據報道，它的翼展比「死神」更寬25 m，由 1200 hp Pratt & Whitney PT6 渦輪螺旋槳發動機提供動力。[14] [15] [16]韓國將在2025年之前開發出安裝在高性能無人機上的渦輪扇發動機。[17]

主条目：KUS-FS MALE

The indigenously developed KUS-FS, nicknamed MUAV or Korean Unmanned System (KUS-FS), is designed for armed land and sea Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions with endurance of up to 24 hours. Its maiden flight was in 2012. Korean Air's Aerospace Division (KAL-ASD) unveiled its MALE UAV in 2019 with LIG Nex1 SAR and Hanwha EO/IR sensors, aimed for serial production in 2021. It reportedly has a wider wingspan than the Reaper at 25 m and is powered by a 1200 hp Pratt & Whitney PT6 turboprop engine.[15][16][17] South Korea will develop turbofan engines to be installed in high-performance unmanned aerial vehicles by 2025.[18]

M-SAM Block II

2017 年春天，PIP 飛彈（M-SAM Block II）開始了最後的測試，在此期間它擊落了五個練習彈道飛彈目標中的五個。計劃到 2022 年在韓國各地部署 7 個（電池）。[18]

In the spring of 2017 the PIP missile (M-SAM Block II) began its final tests, during which it shot down five of five practice ballistic missile targets. Seven (batteries) are scheduled for deployment throughout South Korea by 2022.[19]

L-SAM

L-SAM是指目前正在開發的國產遠程地對空飛彈，而Cheolmae II，也稱為KM-SAM，是國產中程地對空飛彈，能夠與高度高達 20 公里的來襲目標。新項目被暱稱為“K-THAAD”，因為其計劃射程為 25 至 93 英里，並且能夠擊中高達 200,000 英尺的目標。L-SAM 或 Cheolmae-4 已投入近 10 億美元，計劃於 2022 年完工，並在一兩年後部署四個電池。[19]

L-SAM refers to a locally made long-range surface-to-air missile currently under development, while the Cheolmae II, also known as KM-SAM, is a domestically manufactured medium-range surface-to-air missile capable of engaging an incoming target at an altitude as high as 20 kilometers. The new project has been nicknamed the K-THAAD due to its planned long range of 25 to 93 miles and its ability to hit targets as high as 200,000 feet. Nearly $1 billion has been devoted to the L-SAM or Cheolmae-4, which is scheduled for completion in 2022 with deployment of four batteries to follow a year or two afterwards.[20]

Large Strategic Transport Aircraft

自2010年推出大型運輸機C-130J-30超級大力士以來， [20]韓國空軍宣布打算實施第二個大型戰略運輸機採購計畫。[21] 國防採購計畫管理局（DAPA）揭露了詳細計劃，概述了從海外採購四架飛機，整個計畫耗資 4,800 億韓元（3,700 萬美元）。DAPA 也授權成立一個財團，讓韓國公司參與飛機零件的生產。[22]

2023 年 3 月和 4 月，ROKAF、DAPA 和 KIDA（韓國國防分析研究所）對空中巴士、巴西航空工業公司、洛克希德馬丁等製造商進行了評估，作為採購評估的一部分。[23]三家製造商提交了空中巴士 A400M Atlas、巴西航空工業公司 C-390 Millennium和洛克希德馬丁公司 C-130J Super Hercules供第二個專案考慮。[23] 2023年12月，DAPA選擇巴西航空工業公司 C-390 Millennium作為大型運輸機（LTA）II招標的獲勝者，併計劃在2026年之前引進三架飛機。[24] [25]

2018年，除了第二個計畫外，韓國政府也與西班牙政府就空中巴士A400M Atlas更換KT-1 Woongbi基礎教練機和T-50金鷹高級教練機的潛在交換進行討論。[26]

Since the introduction of the C-130J-30 Super Hercules as a large transport aircraft in 2010,[21] ROKAF has announced its intention to implement a second project for the acquisition of large strategic transporters.[22] Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) has disclosed detailed plans, outlining the purchase of four aircraft from overseas, with the entire project costing 480 billion won (US$37 million). DAPA has also mandated the formation of a consortium, involving Korean companies in the production of aircraft components.[23]

Throughout March and April 2023, ROKAF, DAPA, and KIDA (the Korea Institute for Defense Analysis) conducted an assessment of manufacturers, including Airbus, Embraer, Lockheed Martin, as part of the procurement evaluation.[24] The three manufacturers submitted the Airbus A400M Atlas, Embraer C-390 Millennium, and Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules for consideration in the second project.[24] In December 2023, DAPA selected the Embraer C-390 Millennium as the winner of the Large Transport Aircraft (LTA) II tender, and planning to introduce three units by 2026.[25][26]

In 2018, apart from the second project, the Korean government was in discussions with the Spanish government regarding a potential swap involving the Airbus A400M Atlas for the KT-1 Woongbi basic trainer and the T-50 Golden Eagle advanced trainer.[27]

Long Range Air Defense Radar

韓國國防採購計畫管理局（DAPA）啟動了一個開發本土遠程防空雷達的計畫。據該機構稱，目前用於監控卡迪茲的外國製造雷達（洛克希德馬丁公司 TPS-77）將從 2027 年開始逐步淘汰，並用新的國產設備取代。[27]

South Korea's Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) has launched a project to develop an indigenous long-range air defense radar. Foreign-manufactured radars (Lockheed Martin TPS-77) currently in use to monitor Kadiz will be phased out and replaced with new domestic equipment starting in 2027, according to the agency.[28]

Equipment

Aircraft

F-15K on landing
A FA-50 on first delivery
The air force operates the Kamov Ka-32A4s helicopter for CSAR
A F-16 Fighting Falcon on take off
Aircraft Origin Type Variant In service Notes
Combat Aircraft
F-4 Phantom II United States multirole F-4E 19[29] To be retired in 2024.[29]
F-5 Tiger II United States fighter F-5E 80 [30]
F-15E Strike Eagle United States multirole F-15K 59[31]
F-16 Fighting Falcon United States multirole KF-16C/U 118
KF-16D/U 49 Also provide conversion training[31]
F-35 Lightning II United States multirole F-35A 39[32] 20 on order[33]
T-50 Golden Eagle Republic of Korea light multirole FA-50 60[31]
AWACS
E-7 Peace Eye United States AEW&C E-737 4[31] Equipped with a MESA radar
Reconnaissance
Dassault Falcon France EW / ELINT 2000 2[31] 4 on order[34]
Hawker 800 United Kingdom reconnaissance / SIGINT RC-800s 8[31]
Tanker
Airbus A330 MRTT France refueling / transport KC-330 4[31]
Transport
Boeing 737 United States VIP 737-300 1[35]
Boeing 747 United States VIP 747-8I 1[36] Presidential transport operated as Code One leased from Korean Air
CASA CN-235 Spain / Indonesia transport / utility 18[31]
C-130 Hercules United States tactical airlifter C-130H 12[31]
C-130J Super Hercules United States tactical airlifter 4[31]
C-390 Millennium Brazil transport / utility 3 on order[37][38]
Helicopters
AS332 Super Puma France utility / transport 3[31]
Bell 412 United States utility 3[31]
CH-47 Chinook United States transport / CSAR HH-47D 9[31]
Kamov Ka-27 Russia CSAR Ka-32 7[31]
Sikorsky S-70 United States utility / CSAR HH-60P 17[31]
Sikorsky S-92 United States VIP 3[39]
Trainer Aircraft
KC-100 Naraon Republic of Korea trainer KT-100 23[31]
KT-1 Woongbi Republic of Korea trainer KT-1 103[31]
light attack KA-1
T-50 Golden Eagle Republic of Korea trainer T-50 72[31]
Aerobatic-specialized T-50B 10[31] Used by Black Eagles aerobatic team
LIFT TA-50 22[31] 20 Block II on order.[40]
UAV
RQ-4 Global Hawk United States surveillance 4[41]

Retired aircraft

Retired North American F-86F Sabre of the ROKAF on display

Previous aircraft operated by the Air Force consisted of the P-51 Mustang, North American F-86 Sabre, F-4 Phantom II, Curtiss C-46, Douglas C-47, Grumman S-2 Tracker, Lockheed T-33, BAe 748, Cessna T-37, Cessna A-37, North American T-28, North American T-6（국민성금 헌납기(T-6 건국기) (國民誠金 獻納機(T-6 建國機)）國民誠金 獻納機（朝鲜语：국민성금 헌납기）, Sikorsky H-19, and the Bell UH-1 Huey.[42][43][44]

Air Defence

The ROKAF Air Defence Artillery Command transferred from the Republic of Korea Army's air defense artillery and was established as a basic branch on 1 July 1991.[45]

Name Origin Type Variant In service Notes
Surface-to-air missile
MIM-104 Patriot United States ABM / SAM system PAC-3[46] 8 batteries[47]
KM-SAM Cheongung Republic of Korea medium range ABM / SAM system Block I 18 batteries[48]
Block II 1 (7 on order)[49]
Anti-aircraft artillery
M167 VADS Republic of Korea anti-aircraft gun KM167A3 200 20mm anti-aircraft gun
Man-portable air-defense system
KP-SAM Shingung Republic of Korea man-portable air-defense system 2,000

Military ranks

Officer ranks can be learned fairly easily if one sees the pattern. So equals small; Jung equals medium; Dae equals large. Jun equals the prefix sub-. Each of these is coupled with wi equals company grade, ryeong equals field grade, and jang equals general. This system is due to the hanja or Sino-Korean origin of the names.

Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OF/BlankTemplate:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OF/South Korea
Rank Group Warrant officer
 韩国[50]
준위
Junwi
Rank group Non-commissioned officer Enlisted

Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/South Korea

Roundels

  • 2000–present
    2000–present
  • 2000–present (low-visibility)
    2000–present
    (low-visibility)
  • 1951–2000
    1951–2000
  • 1950s
    1950s

See also

References

  1. ^ 2022 Defence White Paper (PDF). December 2022 [2023-02-16]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2023-02-16）. 
  2. ^ Slogan of Air Force. Republic of Korea Air Force. [2021-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-18）. 
  3. ^ 군가전 #1. 공군가. 대한민국공군. 29 August 2014 [28 March 2023]. （原始内容存档于18 February 2023） –通过YouTube. 
  4. ^ KY Karaoke (금영노래방 공식 유튜브 채널). [KY 금영노래방] 군가 - 공군가 (KY Karaoke No.KY4574). 12 December 2014 [2 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于17 February 2019） –通过YouTube.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 6・25戦争史 第1巻 (PDF). 国防部軍事編纂研究所: 358. [2017-04-08] （韓国語）. 
  6. ^ Larsen, Stanley; Collins, Lawton. Allied Participation in Vietnam. Department of the Army. 1985: 131. ISBN 9781410225016. 公有领域 本文含有此來源中屬於公有领域的内容。
  7. ^ Korea Urged to Secure Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Systems. 20 October 2009 [20 October 2009]. （原始内容存档于23 October 2009）.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  8. ^ Hoyle, Craig. Seoul finalises $657 million Global Hawk purchase. flightglobal.com. 2014-12-17 [5 October 2015]. （原始内容存档于16 October 2015）.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  9. ^ South Korean Air Force Inaugurates Space Operations Center. aviationweek.com. Aviation Week. [2 December 2021]. 
  10. ^ US, ROK, Japan hold first joint aerial drill despite North Korean warnings. NK News. October 23, 2023. 
  11. ^ [1] South Korea establishes new air force reconnaissance unit- airforce-technology.com, 03 Nov 2020
  12. ^ [2] 오세훈, 北 미사일 도발에 "스스로 누를 수 있는 핵 버튼 가져야", Daum, 20 December 2023
  13. ^ KAI KF-21 (KF-X). aviationweek.com. [11 October 2021]. 
  14. ^ South Korea rolls out prototype of its first indigenous fighter aircraft. janes.com. [11 October 2021]. 
  15. ^ South Korea highlights unmanned systems interest in latest defence spending plan. Janes.com. 14 August 2020. 
  16. ^ South Korean MND eyes KUS-FS UAV for RoKA Ground Operations Command. Janes.com. 30 March 2020. 
  17. ^ South Korean KUS-FS MALE UAS Continues Flight Trials. Uasweekly.com. 23 March 2018. 
  18. ^ S. Korea to develop indigenous turbofan engine by 2025. Yonhap News Agency. January 30, 2020. 
  19. ^ 한국형 패트리엇 '천궁' 양산 추진, KAMD 구축 '잰걸음' - edaily.co.kr, 7 February 2018
  20. ^ Meet South Korea's Very Own Killer S-300 Air Defense System - nationalinterest.org, 24 February 2019
  21. ^ 美대형수송기 C-130J-30 구매 확정 [Confirmation of purchasing the American large transporter C-130J-30]. Segye Ilbo. 20 February 2020 （韩语）. 
  22. ^ [단독] 공군 '오랜 숙원' 대형수송기 2차 사업 본격화 [[Exclusive] Korea Air Force 'long-cherished' large-scale transport aircraft 2nd project in earnest]. Bizhankook. 17 April 2020 （韩语）. 
  23. ^ 해병대 상륙공격헬기 국내 개발·대형수송기 국외구매 [Marine Corps landing attack helicopter developed in Korea and purchased large transportation airplanes overseas]. YTN News. 26 April 2021 （韩语）. 
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 공군 대형 수송기 2차 사업, 美·유럽·브라질 '3파전'… 연내 기종 결정 [Korea Air Force large transporter 2nd project, America·Europe·Brazil 'Three-way war'… decide the type within a year]. News1. 24 June 2023 （韩语）. 
  25. ^ 軍 대형수송기 2차 기종, 美 아닌 브라질 C-390 선정 [Seconda large transport for the Air Force, selected Brazilian C-390 instead of American built]. Donga News. 5 December 2023 （韩语）. 
  26. ^ South Korea selects the Embraer C-390 Millennium (新闻稿). Embraer. 4 December 2023. 
  27. ^ Korea, Spain discuss swap deal between trainer, cargo jets: report. The Korea Times. 4 November 2018. 
  28. ^ Korea Orders Indigenous Long-range Air Defense Radars. www.ainonline.com. 9 February 2021. 
  29. ^ 29.0 29.1 Jeong, Chung-shin. 60∼90년대 하늘의 왕좌 ‘불멸의 도깨비’ F-4 팬텀 올해 완전 퇴역 [F-4 Phantom, the 'immortal goblin' of the sky's throne in the 60s and 90s, will be completely retired this year]. Munhwa Ilbo. 2024-01-25 [5 January 2024] （韩语）. 
  30. ^ Bae, Yong-jin. 조종사 잡는 F-5 퇴역 못 시키는 이유 [Why cannot the Air Force retire F-5, killing pilots]. weekly.chosun.com. 2022-01-25 [25 January 2024] （韩语）. 
  31. ^ 31.00 31.01 31.02 31.03 31.04 31.05 31.06 31.07 31.08 31.09 31.10 31.11 31.12 31.13 31.14 31.15 31.16 31.17 31.18 31.19 Hoyle, Craig. World Air Forces 2024. FlightGlobal. 2023 [15 January 2024]. 
  32. ^ Kim, Eun-jung. Air Force to retire F-35A damaged by bird strike. Yonhap News Agency. 2023-12-01 [2024-01-25]. 
  33. ^ South Korea Signs Major Contracts For F-35As, Attack Helicopters. aviationweek.com. 2023-12-28 [2024-01-25]. 
  34. ^ Giovanzanti, Alessandra. KAI to develop new ISR aircraft system for RoKAF under Baekdu-II project. janes.com. 2021-11-01 [2022-03-23]. 
  35. ^ WAF 2004 pg. 86. Flightglobal Insight. 2004 [4 October 2015]. 
  36. ^ Republic of Korea Air Force new Code One. Scramble.nl. 2022-01-18 [2024-01-23]. 
  37. ^ 軍 대형수송기 2차 기종, 美 아닌 브라질 C-390 선정 [Seconda large transport for the Air Force, selected Brazilian C-390 instead of American built]. Donga News. 5 December 2023 （韩语）. 
  38. ^ South Korea selects the Embraer C-390 Millennium (新闻稿). Embraer. 4 December 2023. 
  39. ^ Nedwick, Thomas; Rogoway, Tyler. Check Out South Korea’s Own VH-92 Presidential Helicopter. thedrive.com. 2022-04-13 [2024-01-23]. 
  40. ^ South Korea orders 20 TA-50 Block 2 training/light attack aircraft. www.janes.com. Janes. [29 June 2020]. 
  41. ^ US delivers fourth and final RQ-4 Global Hawk UAV to RoKAF. www.janes.com. Janes. [24 September 2021]. 
  42. ^ World Air Forces 1955 pg. 648. flightglobal.com. [5 October 2015]. （原始内容存档于20 August 2017）.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  43. ^ World Air Forces 1973 pg. 152. flightglobal.com. [5 October 2015]. （原始内容存档于4 March 2016）.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  44. ^ World Air Forces 1969 pg. 249. flightglobal.com. [5 October 2015]. （原始内容存档于20 August 2017）.  已忽略未知参数|df= (帮助)
  45. ^ 국가법령정보센터 - 법령 > 본문 - 공군방공포병사령부령. www.law.go.kr. [2013-05-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-12-17）. 
  46. ^ Deliveries of PAC-3 air-defence systems to RoKAF completed. www.janes.com. 14 December 2020. 
  47. ^ Trade Registers. Armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved on 6 October 2015
  48. ^ 북 미사일 막을 방공망 촘촘해진다 [양낙규 군사전문기자]. www.asiae.co.kr/article 아시아경제. 19 August 2020 （韩语）. 
  49. ^ RoKAF receives first Cheongung-II M-SAM battery. www.janes.com. 26 November 2020. 
  50. ^ 引证错误：没有为名为law.go.kr的参考文献提供内容

External links

Template:South Korean armed forces Template:Air forces


參考資料


外部連結

如果將此頁面移動到主條目空間，則該頁面將放在以下類別中。
分類：
取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Jdam-mk84/大韓民國空軍&oldid=81961725”