User:PhiLiP/泰国鸟类列表
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Oriental_White_Eye_I-_Himachal-_IMG_3993.jpg/220px-Oriental_White_Eye_I-_Himachal-_IMG_3993.jpg)
在泰国的野外,共记录有982种鸟类存在。其中3种为特有种,1种由人类引入,45种稀有或罕见。7种已在泰国绝灭的不包含在上述数字中,另有49种为全球性受威胁鸟种。[1]下表中的属、种依照Clements(2000)的顺序;[2]例外的位置会加以指出;表中列出的物种来自Robson(2004),在泰国的状况参考自Lekagul和Round(1991)。没有指出状况的物种为留鸟或非稀有的不完全留鸟。[3][4]
据1991年的估计,泰国的留鸟数量有159种;受威胁或易受威胁的候鸟数量有23种,这些威胁主要来自于森林砍伐、非法采伐、盗猎以及栖息地退化(特别是在低地地区)。这些物种中最受影响的为大型水鸟和森林鸟种,前者的湿地栖息地受农业影响大为减少,后者的森林也因农业毁林而消失或退化为林地。[4]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thailandsand_Laem_Pak_Bia.jpg/220px-Thailandsand_Laem_Pak_Bia.jpg)
The birds of Thailand are mainly typical of the Indomalaya ecozone, with affinities to the Indian subcontinent to the west, and, particularly in the southern Peninsular region, with the Sundaic fauna to the southeast. The northern mountains are outliers of the Tibetan Plateau, with many species of montane birds, and in winter the avifauna is augmented by migrants from the eastern Palearctic and Himalayas. The Java Sparrow has been introduced by man, and the Cattle Egret has naturally colonised.[4]
Thailand's habitats are contiguous with those of neighbouring countries, so it has few endemic birds. Perhaps the most intriguing is the White-eyed River Martin, known only from its single wintering site in Thailand, but is now probably extinct.[6][7]
Grebes
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Little_Grebe_%28Non-breeding_plumage%29_I_IMG_8202.jpg/220px-Little_Grebe_%28Non-breeding_plumage%29_I_IMG_8202.jpg)
Template:Podicipedidae list header
Name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Little Grebe | Tachybaptus ruficollis | |
Great Crested Grebe | Podiceps cristatus | Very rare winter visitor |
Black-necked Grebe | Podiceps nigricollis | Very rare winter visitor |
Shearwaters and petrels
Order: Procellariiformes. Family: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide of which three have occurred in Thailand.[8]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Short-tailed_Shearwater.jpg/220px-Short-tailed_Shearwater.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Streaked Shearwater | Calonectris leucomelas | Very rare winter visitor |
Wedge-tailed Shearwater | Puffinus pacificus | Accidental |
Short-tailed Shearwater | Puffinus tenuirostris | Accidental, may be under-recorded[9] |
Storm-petrels
Storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 22 species worldwide, one of which has been recorded in Thailand.[8]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Swinhoe's Storm-petrel | Oceanodroma monorhis | Accidental, one record |
Tropicbirds
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phaethontidae
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are three species worldwide of which two have occurred in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Red-tailed Tropicbird | Phaethon rubricauda | Accidental |
White-tailed Tropicbird | Phaethon lepturus | Accidental |
Pelicans
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Pelecanidae
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Spotbilled_pelican.jpg/150px-Spotbilled_pelican.jpg)
Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are eight species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Spot-billed Pelican | Pelecanus philippensis | Rare, probably once bred. Globally threatened[11] |
Boobies
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Sulidae
The gannets and boobies in the family Sulidae are medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are nine species worldwide of which three have occurred in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Masked Booby | Sula dactylatra | Accidental |
Red-footed Booby | Sula sula | Accidental |
Brown Booby | Sula leucogaster | Rare visitor, formerly bred |
Cormorants
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Phalacrocoracidae
The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies; the majority of species have mainly dark plumage, but some are pied black and white, and a few are more colourful. There are 38 members of this family worldwide, of which three occur in Thailand.[10]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Little_Cormorant-Drying_its_wings_I_IMG_8090.jpg/220px-Little_Cormorant-Drying_its_wings_I_IMG_8090.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Indian Cormorant | Phalacrocorax fuscicollis | Rare winter visitor, formerly bred |
Great Cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo | |
Little Cormorant | Phalacrocorax niger |
Darters
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Anhingidae
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Darter_I2m_IMG_8574.jpg/220px-Darter_I2m_IMG_8574.jpg)
Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because they have long thin necks, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.
The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape, and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage, especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are four species worldwide, of which one occurs in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Oriental Darter | Anhinga melanogaster | Rare and globally threatened visitor, formerly bred[12] |
Frigatebirds
Order: Pelecaniformes. Family: Fregatidae
Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are five species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Christmas Island Frigatebird | Fregata andrewsi | Winter visitor |
Great Frigatebird | Fregata minor | Rare |
Lesser Frigatebird | Fregata ariel | Winter visitor |
Bitterns, herons and egrets
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of this family fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide of which 20 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Yellow_Bittern_%28Ixobrychus_sinensis%29_at_Kolkata_I_IMG_2663.jpg/220px-Yellow_Bittern_%28Ixobrychus_sinensis%29_at_Kolkata_I_IMG_2663.jpg)
very common resident and winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Grey Heron | Ardea cinerea | Winter visitor, formerly bred |
Great-billed Heron | Ardea sumatrana | Now very rare |
Purple Heron | Ardea purpurea | Winter visitor |
Eastern Great Egret | Ardea modesta | |
Intermediate Egret | Egretta intermedia | Winter visitor |
Little Egret | Egretta garzetta | |
Chinese Egret | Egretta eulophotes | Very rare winter visitor, globally vulnerable[14] |
Pacific Reef Heron | Egretta sacra | |
Indian Pond Heron | Ardeola grayii | |
Chinese Pond Heron | Ardeola bacchus | Winter visitor |
Javan Pond Heron | Ardeola speciosa | |
Cattle Egret | Bubulcus ibis | |
Striated Heron | Butorides striata | |
Black-crowned Night-Heron | Nycticorax nycticorax | |
Malayan Night-Heron | Gorsachius melanolophus | |
Yellow Bittern | Ixobrychus sinensis | |
Schrenck's Bittern | Ixobrychus eurhythmus | Passage migrant |
Cinnamon Bittern | Ixobrychus cinnamomeus | |
Black Bittern | Ixobrychus flavicollis | |
Great Bittern | Botaurus stellaris | Winter visitor |
Storks
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Ciconiidae
Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are virtually mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide of which ten occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Painted_stork_foraging.jpg/220px-Painted_stork_foraging.jpg)
now a rare breeder and passage migrant
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Milky Stork | Mycteria cinerea | Extirpated and globally vulnerable[15] |
Painted Stork | Mycteria leucocephala | |
Asian Openbill | Anastomus oscitans | |
Black Stork | Ciconia nigra | Rare winter visitor |
Woolly-necked Stork | Ciconia episcopus | Now very rare |
Storm's Stork | Ciconia stormi | |
White Stork | Ciconia ciconia | One record |
Black-necked Stork | Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus | Extirpated and globally threatened[16] |
Lesser Adjutant | Leptoptilos javanicus | Rare |
Greater Adjutant | Leptoptilos dubius | Extirpated and globally endangered[17] |
Ibises and spoonbills
Order: Ciconiiformes. Family: Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which comprises the ibises and spoonbills. Its members have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary flight feathers. They are strong fliers and, despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Platalea_minor.jpg/220px-Platalea_minor.jpg)
rare winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black-headed Ibis | Threskiornis melanocephalus | Extirpated and globally threatened[18] |
White-shouldered Ibis | Pseudibis davisoni | Extirpated and globally critically endangered[19] |
Giant Ibis | Pseudibis gigantea | Extirpated and globally critically endangered[20] |
Glossy Ibis | Plegadis falcinellus | |
Eurasian Spoonbill | Platalea leucorodia | Very rare winter visitor |
Black-faced Spoonbill | Platalea minor | Very rare winter visitor, globally endangered[21] |
Ducks, geese and swans
Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide of which 25 occur in Thailand.[22]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Cotton_Pgymy_Goose_I2-_Kolkata_IMG_4808.jpg/220px-Cotton_Pgymy_Goose_I2-_Kolkata_IMG_4808.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Lesser Whistling-Duck | Dendrocygna javanica | |
Swan Goose | Anser cygnoides | Accidental |
Greylag Goose | Anser anser | Accidental |
Bar-headed Goose | Anser indicus | Very rare winter visitor |
Ruddy Shelduck | Tadorna ferruginea | Rare winter visitor |
Common Shelduck | Tadorna tadorna | Very rare winter visitor, one record |
White-winged Duck | Cairina scutulata | Very rare and endangered resident[23] |
Comb Duck | Sarkidiornis melanotos | Rare resident |
Cotton Pygmy-goose | Nettapus coromandelianus | |
Mandarin Duck | Aix galericulata | Very rare winter visitor |
Eurasian Wigeon | Anas penelope Winter visitor | |
Falcated Duck | Anas falcata | Accidental |
Gadwall | Anas strepera | Very rare winter visitor |
Common Teal | Anas crecca | Winter visitor |
Mallard | Anas platyrhynchos | Accidental |
Spot-billed Duck | Anas poecilorhyncha | Rare winter visitor |
Northern Pintail | Anas acuta | Winter visitor |
Garganey | Anas querquedula | Winter visitor |
Northern Shoveler | Anas clypeata | Winter visitor |
Red-crested Pochard | Netta rufina | Very rare winter visitor |
Common Pochard | Aythya ferina | Very rare winter visitor |
Ferruginous Duck | Aythya nyroca | Rare winter visitor |
Baer's Pochard | Aythya baeri | Rare winter visitor |
Tufted Duck | Aythya fuligula | Rare winter visitor |
Osprey
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Pandionidae
The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.[24]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Osprey | Pandion haliaetus | Winter visitor |
Eagles, kites and allies
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Accipitridae
The Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds mostly have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide of which 46 occur in Thailand.[25]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Crested_Serpent_Eagle_I_IMG_9342.jpg/220px-Crested_Serpent_Eagle_I_IMG_9342.jpg)
a common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Jerdon's Baza | Aviceda jerdoni | |
Black Baza | Aviceda leuphotes | |
Oriental Honey-buzzard | Pernis ptilorhynchus | |
Bat Hawk | Macheiramphus alcinus | Rare and threatened |
Black-shouldered Kite | Elanus caeruleus | |
Black Kite | Milvus migrans | Winter visitor, some breed |
Brahminy Kite | Haliastur indus | |
White-bellied Sea Eagle | Haliaeetus leucogaster | |
Pallas's Fish Eagle | Haliaeetus leucoryphus | One record |
White-tailed Eagle | Haliaeetus albicilla | Much reduced in numbers |
Lesser Fish Eagle | Ichthyophaga humilis | Rare resident |
Grey-headed Fish Eagle | Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus | Very rare and globally near-threatened[26] |
White-rumped Vulture | Gyps bengalensis | Possibly extinct |
Indian Vulture | Gyps indicus | Possibly extinct |
Himalayan Griffon Vulture | Gyps himalayensis | Accidental |
Cinereous Vulture | Aegypius monachus | Rare winter visitor |
Red-headed Vulture | Sarcogyps calvus | |
Short-toed Eagle | Circaetus gallicus | Rare passage migrant and winter visitor |
Crested Serpent Eagle | Spilornis cheela | |
Western Marsh Harrier | Circus aeruginosus | Rare winter visitor |
Eastern Marsh Harrier | Circus spilonotus | Winter visitor |
Hen Harrier | Circus cyaneus | Rare winter visitor |
Pallid Harrier | Circus macrourus | Accidental |
Pied Harrier | Circus melanoleucos | Winter visitor |
Crested Goshawk | Accipiter trivirgatus | |
Shikra | Accipiter badius | |
Chinese Goshawk | Accipiter soloensis | Passage migrant and winter visitor |
Japanese Sparrowhawk | Accipiter gularis | Passage migrant and winter visitor |
Besra | Accipiter virgatus | |
Eurasian Sparrowhawk | Accipiter nisus | Rare winter visitor |
Northern Goshawk | Accipiter gentilis | Rare winter visitor |
Rufous-winged Buzzard | Butastur liventer | |
Grey-faced Buzzard | Butastur indicus | Passage migrant and winter visitor |
Common Buzzard | Buteo buteo | Winter visitor |
Black Eagle | Ictinaetus malayensis | |
Greater Spotted Eagle | Aquila clanga | Uncommon passage migrant and winter visitor |
Steppe Eagle | Aquila nipalensis | Accidental |
Imperial Eagle | Aquila heliaca | Rare winter visitor |
Bonelli's Eagle | Aquila fasciatus | Rare |
Booted Eagle | Aquila pennatus | Rare passage migrant and winter visitor |
Rufous-bellied Eagle | Aquila kienerii | |
Changeable Hawk-eagle | Spizaetus cirrhatus | |
Mountain Hawk-eagle | Spizaetus nipalensis | |
Blyth's Hawk-eagle | Spizaetus alboniger | |
Wallace's Hawk-eagle | Spizaetus nanus |
Falcons
Order: Falconiformes. Family: Falconidae
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide of which nine occur in Thailand.[25]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Falco_subbuteo_kobuz1.jpg/220px-Falco_subbuteo_kobuz1.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
White-rumped Falcon | Polihierax insignis | |
Collared Falconet | Microhierax caerulescens | |
Black-thighed Falconet | Microhierax fringillarius | |
Eurasian Kestrel | Falco tinnunculus | Winter visitor |
Amur Falcon | Falco amurensis | Very rare passage migrant |
Merlin | Falco columbarius | |
Eurasian Hobby | Falco subbuteo | Rare winter visitor |
Oriental Hobby | Falco severus | |
Peregrine Falcon | Falco peregrinus | Mainly winter visitor |
Pheasants and partridges
Order: Galliformes. Family: Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide of which 26 occur in Thailand.[27]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BxZ_Polyplectron_malacense_00.jpg/220px-BxZ_Polyplectron_malacense_00.jpg)
near extinct due to deforestation
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Chinese Francolin | Francolinus pintadeanus | |
Long-billed Partridge | Rhizothera longirostris | |
Japanese Quail | Coturnix japonica | Very rare winter visitor |
Rain Quail | Coturnix coromandelica | |
Blue-breasted Quail | Coturnix chinensis | |
Rufous-throated Partridge | Arborophila rufogularis | |
Grey-breasted Partridge | Arborophila orientalis | Accidental. Sometimes split as Malayan Partridge A. campbelli[3] |
Bar-backed Partridge | Arborophila brunneopectus | |
Chestnut-headed Partridge | Arborophila cambodiana | |
Scaly-breasted Partridge | Arborophila chloropus | |
Chestnut-necklaced Partridge | Arborophila charltonii | Rare and globally endangered[28] |
Ferruginous Partridge | Caloperdix oculea | |
Crested Partridge | Rollulus rouloul | Rare and globally threatened[29] |
Mountain Bamboo-partridge | Bambusicola fytchii | |
Red Junglefowl | Gallus gallus | |
Kalij Pheasant | Lophura leucomelanos | |
Silver Pheasant | Lophura nycthemera | |
Crestless Fireback | Lophura erythrophthalma | |
Crested Fireback | Lophura ignita | Rare and globally endangered[30] |
Siamese Fireback | Lophura diardi | |
Hume's Pheasant | Syrmaticus humiae | Rare |
Grey Peacock-pheasant | Polyplectron bicalcaratum | |
Malayan Peacock-pheasant | Polyplectron malacense | Near extinct[4] |
Great Argus | Argusianus argus | |
Green Peafowl | Pavo muticus | Rare, much reduced in numbers |
Buttonquails
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Turnicidae
The buttonquails are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails.The female is the brighter of the sexes, and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young. There are 16 species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[27]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Barred_buttonquail_Nandihills_18July2006bngbirds.jpg/220px-Barred_buttonquail_Nandihills_18July2006bngbirds.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Small Buttonquail | Turnix sylvatica | |
Yellow-legged Buttonquail | Turnix tanki | |
Barred Buttonquail | Turnix suscitator |
Cranes
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Sarus Crane | Grus antigone | Extirpated and globally vulnerable [31] |
Common Crane | Grus grus | Accidental |
Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Rallidae
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and appear to be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide of which 15 occur in Thailand.[32]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/White_breasted_Waterhen_I4-Bhopal_IMG_0515.jpg/220px-White_breasted_Waterhen_I4-Bhopal_IMG_0515.jpg)
very common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Red-legged Crake | Rallina fasciata | |
Slaty-legged Crake | Rallina eurizonoides | Rare, mainly winter visitor |
Slaty-breasted Rail | Gallirallus striatus | |
Water Rail | Rallus aquaticus | Rare winter visitor |
White-breasted Waterhen | Amaurornis phoenicurus | |
Black-tailed Crake | Amaurornis bicolor | Rare |
Baillon's Crake | Porzana pusilla | Winter visitor |
Spotted Crake | Porzana porzana | Very rare winter visitor |
Ruddy-breasted Crake | Porzana fusca | |
Band-bellied Crake | Porzana paykullii | Very rare winter visitor |
White-browed Crake | Porzana cinerea | |
Watercock | Gallicrex cinerea | Summer visitor and resident |
Purple Swamphen | Porphyrio porphyrio | |
Common Moorhen | Gallinula chloropus | |
Eurasian Coot | Fulica atra | Winter visitor |
Finfoot
Order: Gruiformes. Family: Heliornithidae
Heliornithidae is small family of tropical birds which webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are three species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[13][33]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Masked Finfoot | Heliopais personata | Winter visitor and passage migrant |
Jacanas
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Jacanidae
The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There are eight species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[34]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Pheasant-tailed Jacana | Hydrophasianus chirurgus | Winter visitor and resident |
Bronze-winged Jacana | Metopidius indicus |
Painted snipe
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Greater_Painted-snipe_%28Male%29_I2_IMG_9477.jpg/150px-Greater_Painted-snipe_%28Male%29_I2_IMG_9477.jpg)
This is one of the few birds where the female is brighter than the male[4]
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rostratulidae
Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are two species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[34]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Greater Painted-snipe | Rostratula benghalensis |
Crab Plover
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Dromadidae
The Crab Plover is related to the waders, but is the only member of its family. It resembles a plover but has very long grey legs and a strong black bill similar to that of a tern. It has black and white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs.[34]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Crab Plover | Dromas ardeola | Rare but annual in winter |
Avocets and stilts
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Recurvirostridae
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Black_winged_Stilt_I_MG_9747.jpg/150px-Black_winged_Stilt_I_MG_9747.jpg)
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are nine species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[34]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black-winged Stilt | Himantopus himantopus | Resident and winter visitor |
Pied Avocet | Recurvirostra avosetta | Accidental |
Thick-knees
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Burhinidae
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are nine species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[34]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Stone Curlew | Burhinus oedicnemus | Rare |
Great Thick-knee | Burhinus recurvirostris | Possibly extinct |
Beach Thick-knee | Burhinus magnirostris | Rare and local |
Pratincoles and coursers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Glareolidae
Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[34]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Small_Pratincole_I_IMG_1519.jpg/220px-Small_Pratincole_I_IMG_1519.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Oriental Pratincole | Glareola maldivarum | Summer visitor |
Little Pratincole | Glareola lactea | Resident and winter visitor |
Plovers and lapwings
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide of which 14 occur in Thailand.[34] In addition to the listed species, a distinctive Charadrius plover known as ‘White-faced’ Plover has been seen in Thailand in recent years. It is at present unclear whether it is a new species or a subspecies of Kentish Plover.[5]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Pluvialis_squatarola.jpg/220px-Pluvialis_squatarola.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Northern Lapwing | Vanellus vanellus | Rare winter visitor |
River Lapwing | Vanellus duvaucelii | |
Grey-headed Lapwing | Vanellus cinereus | Winter visitor |
Red-wattled Lapwing | Vanellus indicus | |
Pacific Golden Plover | Pluvialis fulva | Winter visitor |
Grey Plover | Pluvialis squatarola | Winter visitor |
Ringed Plover | Charadrius hiaticula | Accidental |
Long-billed Plover | Charadrius placidus | Rare winter visitor |
Little Ringed Plover | Charadrius dubius | Winter visitor |
Kentish Plover | Charadrius alexandrinus | Winter visitor |
Malaysian Plover | Charadrius peronii | |
Lesser Sand Plover | Charadrius mongolus | Winter visitor |
Greater Sand Plover | Charadrius leschenaultii | Winter visitor |
Sandpipers and allies
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Scolopacidae
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide of which 39 occur in Thailand.[34]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Tounen_06f8022qsp.jpg/220px-Tounen_06f8022qsp.jpg)
very common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Eurasian Woodcock | Scolopax rusticola | Winter visitor |
Jack Snipe | Lymnocryptes minimus | Rare winter visitor |
Wood Snipe | Gallinago nemoricola | Very rare winter visitor |
Pintail Snipe | Gallinago stenura | Winter visitor |
Swinhoe's Snipe | Gallinago megala | Very rare winter visitor |
Common Snipe | Gallinago gallinago | Winter visitor |
Long-billed Dowitcher | Limnodromus scolopaceus | One record |
Asian Dowitcher | Limnodromus semipalmatus | Rare on passage |
Black-tailed Godwit | Limosa limosa | Winter visitor |
Bar-tailed Godwit | Limosa lapponica | Winter visitor |
Little Curlew | Numenius minutus | Very rare passage migrant |
Whimbrel | Numenius phaeopus | Winter visitor |
Eurasian Curlew | Numenius arquata | Winter visitor |
Far Eastern Curlew | Numenius madagascariensis | Rare passage migrant |
Spotted Redshank | Tringa erythropus | Winter visitor |
Common Redshank | Tringa totanus | Winter visitor |
Marsh Sandpiper | Tringa stagnatilis | Winter visitor |
Common Greenshank | Tringa nebularia | Winter visitor |
Nordmann's Greenshank | Tringa guttifer | Rare winter visitor |
Green Sandpiper | Tringa ochropus | Winter visitor |
Wood Sandpiper | Tringa glareola | Winter visitor |
Terek Sandpiper | Xenus cinereus | Winter visitor |
Common Sandpiper | Actitis hypoleucos | Winter visitor |
Grey-tailed Tattler | Heterosceles brevipes | Rare on passage |
Ruddy Turnstone | Arenaria interpres | Winter visitor |
Great Knot | Calidris tenuirostris | Mainly passage migrant |
Red Knot | Calidris canutus | Winter visitor |
Sanderling | Calidris alba | Winter visitor |
Red-necked Stint | Calidris ruficollis | Common winter visitor |
Little Stint | Calidris minuta | Rare in winter[4] |
Temminck's Stint | Calidris temminckii | Winter visitor |
Long-toed Stint | Calidris subminuta | Winter visitor |
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper | Calidris acuminata | Very rare winter visitor |
Curlew Sandpiper | Calidris ferruginea | Winter visitor |
Dunlin | Calidris alpina | Rare winter visitor |
Spoon-billed Sandpiper | Eurynorhynchus pygmeus | Rare on passage and in winter, declining due to collapse of breeding population[35][36] |
Broad-billed Sandpiper | Limicola falcinellus | Winter visitor |
Ruff | Philomachus pugnax | Winter and passage visitor |
Red-necked Phalarope | Phalaropus lobatus | Rare in winter or on passage |
Skuas
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Stercorariidae
The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are seven species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Pomarine Skua | Stercorarius pomarinus | Winter visitor |
Arctic Skua | Stercorarius parasiticus | Rare winter visitor |
Long-tailed Skua | Stercorarius longicaudus | Accidental |
Gulls
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Laridae
Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide of which eight occur in Thailand.[10]
uncommon winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black-tailed Gull | Larus crassirostris | Very rare winter visitor |
Common Gull | Larus canus | Accidental |
Heuglin's Gull | Larus heuglini | Winter visitor |
Caspian Gull | Larus cachinnans | Uncertain status |
Great Black-headed Gull | Larus ichthyaetus | Very rare winter visitor |
Brown-headed Gull | Larus brunnicephalus | Rare winter visitor |
Black-headed Gull | Larus ridibundus | Winter visitor |
Slender-billed Gull | Larus genei | Very rare winter visitor |
Slaty-backed Gull[37] | Larus schistisagus | Very rare winter visitor |
Terns
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Sternidae
Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide of which 16 occur in Thailand.[10]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Whiskered_Tern_I_IMG_9379.jpg/220px-Whiskered_Tern_I_IMG_9379.jpg)
very common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Gull-billed Tern | Sterna nilotica | Winter visitor |
Caspian Tern | Sterna caspia | Winter visitor |
Lesser Crested Tern | Sterna bengalensis | Rare winter visitor |
Chinese Crested Tern | Sterna bernsteini | Possibly extinct |
Great Crested Tern | Sterna bergii | |
River Tern | Sterna aurantia | Possibly extinct |
Roseate Tern | Sterna dougallii | |
Black-naped Tern | Sterna sumatrana | |
Common Tern | Sterna hirundo | Winter visitor |
Little Tern | Sterna albifrons | |
Black-bellied Tern | Sterna acuticauda | Possibly extinct |
Bridled Tern | Sterna anaethetus | |
Sooty Tern | Sterna fuscata | |
Whiskered Tern | Chlidonias hybridus | |
White-winged Tern | Chlidonias leucopterus | Winter visitor |
Brown Noddy | Anous stolidus | Possibly extinct |
Skimmers
Order: Charadriiformes. Family: Rynchopidae
Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are three species worldwide of which one has occurred in Thailand.[10]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Indian Skimmer | Rynchops albicollis | One record |
Pigeons and doves
Order: Columbiformes. Family: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide of which 28 occur in Thailand.[38]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Pied_Imperial-pigeon_Ducula_bicolor_National_Aviary_1300px.jpg/220px-Pied_Imperial-pigeon_Ducula_bicolor_National_Aviary_1300px.jpg)
locally common in coastal forest
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Rock Pigeon | Columba livia | Due to hybridisation with feral pigeons, few if any pure-bred birds remain in Thailand[3] |
Speckled Wood Pigeon | Columba hodgsonii | |
Ashy Wood Pigeon | Columba pulchricollis | |
Pale-capped Pigeon | Columba punicea | Rare, uncertain status |
Oriental Turtle Dove | Streptopelia orientalis | |
Red Collared-dove | Streptopelia tranquebarica | |
Spotted Dove | Streptopelia chinensis | |
Barred Cuckoo-dove | Macropygia unchall | |
Little Cuckoo-dove | Macropygia ruficeps | |
Emerald Dove | Chalcophaps indica | |
Zebra Dove | Geopelia striata | Native in south, introduced to central Thailand[39] |
Nicobar Pigeon | Caloenas nicobarica | Rare and globally endangered[40] |
Little Green Pigeon | Treron olax | Rare |
Pink-necked Green Pigeon | Treron vernans | |
Cinnamon-headed Green Pigeon | Treron fulvicollis | Possibly extirpated, globally threatened[41] |
Orange-breasted Green Pigeon | Treron bicincta | |
Pompadour Green Pigeon | Treron pompadora | |
Thick-billed Green Pigeon | Treron curvirostra | |
Large Green Pigeon | Treron capellei | Rare and globally vulnerable[42] |
Yellow-footed Green Pigeon | Treron phoenicoptera | |
Yellow-vented Green Pigeon | Treron seimundi | Very rare |
Pin-tailed Green Pigeon | Treron apicauda | |
Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon | Treron sphenura | |
White-bellied Green Pigeon | Treron sieboldii | Very rare |
Jambu Fruit Dove | Ptilinopus jambu | |
Green Imperial Pigeon | Ducula aenea | |
Mountain Imperial Pigeon | Ducula badia | |
Pied Imperial Pigeon | Ducula bicolor |
Parrots
Order: Psittaciformes. Family: Psittacidae
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape and a generally erect stance. The upper mandible has slight mobility in the joint with the skull. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide of which seven occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Red-breasted_Parakeet.jpg/170px-Red-breasted_Parakeet.jpg)
uncommon resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Blue-rumped Parrot | Psittinus cyanurus | Rare, much reduced |
Alexandrine Parakeet | Psittacula eupatria | Rare, much reduced |
Grey-headed Parakeet | Psittacula finschii | |
Blossom-headed Parakeet | Psittacula roseata | |
Red-breasted Parakeet | Psittacula alexandri | |
Vernal Hanging Parrot | Loriculus vernalis | |
Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot | Loriculus galgulus |
Cuckoos
Order: Cuculiformes. Family: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Many Old World cuckoo species are brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide of which 31 occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Pied Cuckoo | Clamator jacobinus | Accidental |
Chestnut-winged Cuckoo | Clamator coromandus | Summer visitor and on passage |
Large Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus sparverioides | |
Common Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus varius | One record |
Moustached Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus vagans | |
Malaysian Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus fugax | |
Hodgson's Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus nisicolor | |
Northern Hawk-cuckoo | Cuculus hyperythrus | |
Indian Cuckoo | Cuculus micropterus | |
Common Cuckoo | Cuculus canorus | Uncertain status |
Oriental Cuckoo | Cuculus saturatus | Passage migrant |
Sunda Cuckoo | Cuculus lepidus | |
Lesser Cuckoo | Cuculus poliocephalus | Very rare |
Banded Bay Cuckoo | Cacomantis sonneratii | |
Plaintive Cuckoo | Cacomantis merulinus | |
Brush Cuckoo | Cacomantis variolosus | |
Little Bronze-cuckoo | Chrysococcyx minutillus | |
Asian Emerald Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx maculatus | Resident and winter visitor |
Violet Cuckoo | Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus | |
Asian Drongo-cuckoo | Surniculus lugubris | |
Asian Koel | Eudynamys scolopacea | |
Black-bellied Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus diardi | |
Chestnut-bellied Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus sumatranus | |
Green-billed Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus tristis | |
Raffles's Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus | |
Red-billed Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus javanicus | |
Chestnut-breasted Malkoha | Phaenicophaeus curvirostris | |
Coral-billed Ground-cuckoo | Carpococcyx renauldi | |
Short-toed Coucal | Centropus rectunguis | Accidental |
Greater Coucal | Centropus sinensis | |
Lesser Coucal | Centropus bengalensis |
Barn owls
Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae
Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Barn Owl | Tyto alba | |
Oriental Bay Owl | Phodilus badius |
Typical owls
Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide of which 18 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Otus_bakkamoena.jpg/220px-Otus_bakkamoena.jpg)
(grey morph)
very common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
White-fronted Scops Owl | Otus sagittatus | Rare and globally vulnerable[43] |
Reddish Scops Owl | Otus rufescens | Rare and globally threatened[44] |
Mountain Scops Owl | Otus spilocephalus | |
Collared Scops Owl | Otus lettia | |
Sunda Scops Owl | Otus lempiji | |
Oriental Scops Owl | Otus sunia | |
Spot-bellied Eagle Owl | Bubo nipalensis | |
Barred Eagle Owl | Bubo sumatranus | |
Dusky Eagle Owl | Bubo coromandus | Very rare |
Brown Fish Owl | Ketupa zeylonensis | |
Buffy Fish Owl | Ketupa ketupu | |
Spotted Wood Owl | Strix seloputo | |
Brown Wood Owl | Strix leptogrammica | |
Collared Owlet | Glaucidium brodiei | |
Asian Barred Owlet | Glaucidium cuculoides | |
Spotted Owlet | Athene brama | |
Brown Hawk Owl | Ninox scutulata | |
Short-eared Owl | Asio flammeus | Very rare winter visitor |
Frogmouths
Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Podargidae
The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bills and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects. There are 12 species worldwide of which four occur in Thailand.[45]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Large Frogmouth | Batrachostomus auritus | Very rare |
Gould's Frogmouth | Batrachostomus stellatus | Rare |
Hodgson's Frogmouth | Batrachostomus hodgsoni | |
Javan Frogmouth | Batrachostomus javensis |
Nightjars
Order: Caprimulgiformes. Family: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized ground-nesting nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[45]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Caprimulgus_macrurus.jpg/220px-Caprimulgus_macrurus.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Malaysian Nightjar | Eurostopodus temminckii | This and the following species are now often placed in a separate family |
Great Eared-nightjar | Eurostopodus macrotis | |
Grey Nightjar | Caprimulgus indicus | Winter visitor, breeds in mountains |
Large-tailed Nightjar | Caprimulgus macrurus | |
Indian Nightjar | Caprimulgus asiaticus | |
Savanna Nightjar | Caprimulgus affinis |
Swifts
Order: Apodiformes. Family: Apodidae
Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide of which 14 occur in Thailand.[46]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/House_Swift_I2_filtered.jpg/220px-House_Swift_I2_filtered.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Glossy Swiftlet | Collocalia esculenta | Rare |
Himalayan Swiftlet | Aerodramus brevirostris | Breeds in highlands, winter visitor elsewhere |
Indochinese Swiftlet | Aerodramus rogersi | |
Black-nest Swiftlet | Aerodramus maximus | |
Edible-nest Swiftlet | Aerodramus fuciphagus | |
German's Swiftlet | Aerodramus germani | |
Silver-rumped Needletail | Rhaphidura leucopygialis | |
White-throated Needletail | Hirundapus caudacutus | Rare migrant |
Silver-backed Needletail | Hirundapus cochinchinensis | Uncertain status |
Brown-backed Needletail | Hirundapus giganteus | |
Asian Palm Swift | Cypsiurus balasiensis | |
Pacific Swift | Apus pacificus | Winter visitor, some breed |
Dark-rumped Swift | Apus acuticauda | Very rare winter visitor |
House Swift | Apus nipalensis |
Treeswifts
Order: Apodiformes. Family: Hemiprocnidae
The treeswifts or crested swifts are aerial near passerine birds, closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the true swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and soft plumage. There are 4 species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[46]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Crested Treeswift | Hemiprocne coronata | |
Grey-rumped Treeswift | Hemiprocne longipennis | |
Whiskered Treeswift | Hemiprocne comata |
Trogons
Order: Trogoniformes Family: Trogonidae
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Red-headed_Trogon_-_Voliere.jpg/220px-Red-headed_Trogon_-_Voliere.jpg)
common resident
The family Trogonidae includes the trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Red-naped Trogon | Harpactes kasumba | Rare |
Diard's Trogon | Harpactes diardii | |
Cinnamon-rumped Trogon | Harpactes orrhophaeus | Rare |
Scarlet-rumped Trogon | Harpactes duvaucelii | |
Red-headed Trogon | Harpactes erythrocephalus | |
Orange-breasted Trogon | Harpactes oreskios |
Kingfishers
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Alcedinidae
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide of which 16 occur in Thailand.[47]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/StorkbilledKF.jpg/220px-StorkbilledKF.jpg)
uncommon resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Blyth's Kingfisher | Alcedo hercules | Very rare winter visitor |
Common Kingfisher | Alcedo atthis | Very common winter visitor |
Blue-eared Kingfisher | Alcedo meninting | |
Blue-banded Kingfisher | Alcedo euryzona | |
Black-backed Kingfisher | Ceyx erithacus | |
Rufous-backed Kingfisher | Ceyx rufidorsa | |
Banded Kingfisher | Lacedo pulchella | |
Brown-winged Kingfisher | Pelargopsis amauropterus | |
Stork-billed Kingfisher | Pelargopsis capensis | |
Ruddy Kingfisher | Halcyon coromanda | |
White-throated Kingfisher | Halcyon smyrnensis | |
Black-capped Kingfisher | Halcyon pileata | Winter visitor and passage migrant |
Collared Kingfisher | Todirhamphus chloris | |
Rufous-collared Kingfisher | Actenoides concretus | Rare and reduced |
Crested Kingfisher | Megaceryle lugubris | |
Pied Kingfisher | Ceryle rudis |
Bee-eaters
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Meropidae
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, southern Asia, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long down-turned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[47]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Nyctyornis_amictus_-_Kaeng_Krachan.jpg/140px-Nyctyornis_amictus_-_Kaeng_Krachan.jpg)
fairly common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Red-bearded Bee-eater | Nyctyornis amictus | |
Blue-bearded Bee-eater | Nyctyornis athertoni | |
Green Bee-eater | Merops orientalis | |
Blue-throated Bee-eater | Merops viridis | Resident, winter visitor and passage migrant |
Blue-tailed Bee-eater | Merops philippinus | Resident, winter visitor and passage migrant |
Chestnut-headed Bee-eater | Merops leschenaulti |
Typical rollers
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Coraciidae
Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide of which two occur in Thailand.[47]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Indian Roller | Coracias benghalensis | |
Dollarbird | Eurystomus orientalis |
Hoopoe
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Upupidae
Hoopoes have black, white and pink plumage and a large erectile crest on the head. There are two species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[48]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Hoopoe | Upupa epops |
Hornbills
Order: Coraciiformes. Family: Bucerotidae
Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide of which 13 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Anthracoceros_albirostris_convexus1.jpg/220px-Anthracoceros_albirostris_convexus1.jpg)
fairly common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Oriental Pied-hornbill | Anthracoceros albirostris | |
Black Hornbill | Anthracoceros malayanus | Rare |
Rhinoceros Hornbill | Buceros rhinoceros | Rare, far south |
Great Hornbill | Buceros bicornis | |
Helmeted Hornbill | Buceros vigil | |
Brown Hornbill | Anorrhinus austeni | |
Rusty-cheeked Hornbill | Anorrhinus tickelli | |
Bushy-crested Hornbill | Anorrhinus galeritus | |
White-crowned Hornbill | Aceros comatus | |
Rufous-necked Hornbill | Aceros nipalensis | Rare |
Wrinkled Hornbill | Aceros corrugatus | Near extinct |
Wreathed Hornbill | Aceros undulatus | |
Plain-pouched Hornbill | Aceros subruficollis | Rare |
Barbets
Order: Piciformes. Family: Megalaimidae
The Asian barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide of which 15 occur in Thailand.[49]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lineated_Barbet-_on_a_Goolar_fig_%28Ficus_racemosa%29-_I_IMG_5807.jpg/220px-Lineated_Barbet-_on_a_Goolar_fig_%28Ficus_racemosa%29-_I_IMG_5807.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Fire-tufted Barbet | Psilopogon pyrolophus | Accidental |
Great Barbet | Megalaima virens | |
Lineated Barbet | Megalaima lineata | |
Green-eared Barbet | Megalaima faiostricta | |
Golden-whiskered Barbet | Megalaima chrysopogon | |
Red-crowned Barbet | Megalaima rafflesii | Rare and globally threatened[50] |
Red-throated Barbet | Megalaima mystacophanos | |
Golden-throated Barbet | Megalaima franklinii | |
Black-browed Barbet | Megalaima oorti | Accidental |
Blue-throated Barbet | Megalaima asiatica | |
Moustached Barbet | Megalaima incognita | |
Yellow-crowned Barbet | Megalaima henricii | |
Blue-eared Barbet | Megalaima australis | |
Coppersmith Barbet | Megalaima haemacephala | |
Brown Barbet | Caloramphus fuliginosus |
Honeyguides
Order: Piciformes. Family: Indicatoridae
Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Malaysian Honeyguide | Indicator archipelagicus | Rare |
Woodpeckers
Order: Piciformes. Family: Picidae
Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide of which 36 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Fulvous_Breasted_Woodpecker_I3_Picture_123.jpg/220px-Fulvous_Breasted_Woodpecker_I3_Picture_123.jpg)
uncommon resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Eurasian Wryneck | Jynx torquilla | Winter visitor |
Speckled Piculet | Picumnus innominatus | |
Rufous Piculet | Sasia abnormis | |
White-browed Piculet | Sasia ochracea | |
Grey-capped Woodpecker | Dendrocopos canicapillus | |
Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker | Dendrocopos macei | |
Stripe-breasted Woodpecker | Dendrocopos atratus | |
Yellow-crowned Woodpecker | Dendrocopos mahrattensis | Rare |
Rufous-bellied Woodpecker | Dendrocopos hyperythrus | |
Crimson-breasted Woodpecker | Dendrocopos cathpharius | |
Rufous Woodpecker | Celeus brachyurus | |
White-bellied Woodpecker | Dryocopus javensis | |
Banded Woodpecker | Picus mineaceus | |
Lesser Yellownape | Picus chlorolophus | |
Crimson-winged Woodpecker | Picus puniceus | |
Greater Yellownape | Picus flavinucha | |
Checker-throated Woodpecker | Picus mentalis | |
Streak-breasted Woodpecker | Picus viridanus | |
Laced Woodpecker | Picus vittatus | |
Streak-throated Woodpecker | Picus xanthopygaeus | |
Black-headed Woodpecker | Picus erythropygius | |
Grey-faced Woodpecker | Picus canus | |
Olive-backed Woodpecker | Dinopium rafflesii | Rare |
Common Flameback | Dinopium javanense | |
Greater Flameback | Chrysocolaptes lucidus | |
Pale-headed Woodpecker | Gecinulus grantia | |
Bamboo Woodpecker | Gecinulus viridis | |
Maroon Woodpecker | Blythipicus rubiginosus | |
Bay Woodpecker | Blythipicus pyrrhotis | |
Orange-backed Woodpecker | Reinwardtipicus validus | |
Buff-rumped Woodpecker | Meiglyptes tristis | |
Black-and-buff Woodpecker | Meiglyptes jugularis | |
Buff-necked Woodpecker | Meiglyptes tukki | |
Grey-and-buff Woodpecker | Hemicircus concretus | |
Heart-spotted Woodpecker | Hemicircus canente | |
Great Slaty Woodpecker | Mulleripicus pulverulentus |
Broadbills
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Lightmatter_Long-tailed_broadbill.jpg/140px-Lightmatter_Long-tailed_broadbill.jpg)
fairly common resident
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Eurylaimidae
The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide of which seven occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Dusky Broadbill | Corydon sumatranus | |
Black-and-red Broadbill | Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos | |
Banded Broadbill | Eurylaimus javanicus | |
Black-and-yellow Broadbill | Eurylaimus ochromalus | |
Long-tailed Broadbill | Psarisomus dalhousiae | |
Silver-breasted Broadbill | Serilophus lunatus | |
Green Broadbill | Calyptomena viridis |
Pittas
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pittidae
Pittas are medium-sized stocky passerines with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey. There are 32 species worldwide of which 13 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hoodedpitta3.jpg/220px-Hoodedpitta3.jpg)
uncommon wet season migrant visitor, some winter in the Peninsular
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Eared Pitta | Pitta phayrei | |
Blue-naped Pitta | Pitta nipalensis | |
Blue-rumped Pitta | Pitta soror | |
Rusty-naped Pitta | Pitta oatesi | |
Giant Pitta | Pitta caerulea | Rare and globally threatened[51] |
Blue Pitta | Pitta cyanea | |
Banded Pitta | Pitta guajana | |
Bar-bellied Pitta | Pitta elliotii | Rare and globally threatened[52] |
Gurney's Pitta | Pitta gurneyi | Rediscovered 1986, rare and endangered near endemic[53] |
Hooded Pitta | Pitta sordida | |
Garnet Pitta | Pitta granatina | Rare and globally threatened[54] |
Blue-winged Pitta | Pitta moluccensis | Summer visitor, passage migrant |
Mangrove Pitta | Pitta megarhyncha |
Larks
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Alaudidae
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. There are 91 species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Australasian Bushlark | Mirafra javanica | |
Indochinese Bushlark | Mirafra erythrocephala | |
Oriental Skylark | Alauda gulgula |
Swallows and martins
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide of which 13 occur in Thailand.[6]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Hirundo_tahitica.jpg/220px-Hirundo_tahitica.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
White-eyed River Martin | Pseudochelidon sirintarae | Endemic, probably globally extinct[55][56] |
Sand Martin | Riparia riparia | Winter visitor |
Plain Martin | Riparia paludicola | |
Dusky Crag Martin | Ptyonoprogne concolor | |
Barn Swallow | Hirundo rustica | Winter visitor |
Pacific Swallow | Hirundo tahitica | |
Wire-tailed Swallow | Hirundo smithii | |
Red-rumped Swallow | Cecropis daurica | Winter visitor, local breeder |
Striated Swallow | Cecropis striolata | |
Rufous-bellied Swallow | Cecropis badia | |
House Martin | Delichon urbica | Rare winter visitor |
Asian House Martin | Delichon dasypus | Winter visitor |
Nepal House Martin | Delichon nipalensis | One record |
Wagtails and pipits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Motacillidae
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. These are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide of which 13 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/White_Wagtail-_%28Non-breeding-_leucopsis_race%29_-I2-_Kolkata_IMG_6515.jpg/220px-White_Wagtail-_%28Non-breeding-_leucopsis_race%29_-I2-_Kolkata_IMG_6515.jpg)
commonest of three wintering subspecies[3]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Forest Wagtail | Dendronanthus indicus | Winter visitor |
White Wagtail | Motacilla alba | Winter visitor |
Citrine Wagtail | Motacilla citreola | Winter visitor |
Yellow Wagtail | Motacilla flava | Winter visitor |
Grey Wagtail | Motacilla cinerea | Winter visitor |
Paddyfield Pipit | Anthus rufulus | |
Blyth's Pipit | Anthus godlewskii | Accidental |
Olive-backed Pipit | Anthus hodgsoni | Winter visitor |
Red-throated Pipit | Anthus cervinus | Winter visitor |
Rosy Pipit | Anthus roseatus | Localised winter visitor |
Japanese Pipit | Anthus rubescens | Accidental |
Cuckoo-shrikes and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Campephagidae
The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide of which 18 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Small_Minivet_%28Male%29_I3_IMG_8062.jpg/220px-Small_Minivet_%28Male%29_I3_IMG_8062.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Large Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina macei | |
Javan Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina javensis | Accidental |
Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina striata | Rare, much reduced |
Indochinese Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina polioptera | |
Black-winged Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina melaschistos | Resident and winter visitor |
Lesser Cuckoo-shrike | Coracina fimbriata | |
Pied Triller | Lalage nigra | |
Rosy Minivet | Pericrocotus roseus | Winter visitor |
Brown-rumped Minivet | Pericrocotus cantonensis | |
Ashy Minivet | Pericrocotus divaricatus | Winter visitor |
Small Minivet | Pericrocotus cinnamomeus | |
Fiery Minivet | Pericrocotus igneus | |
Long-tailed Minivet | Pericrocotus ethologus | |
Short-billed Minivet | Pericrocotus brevirostris | |
Scarlet Minivet | Pericrocotus flammeus | |
Grey-chinned Minivet | Pericrocotus solaris | |
Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike | Hemipus picatus | |
Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike | Hemipus hirundinaceus |
Rail-babbler
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Eupetidae
The Malaysian Rail-babbler is a rail-like passerine bird which inhabits the floor of primary forest in the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. It is the only member of its family. The nominate subspecies E. m. macrocerus is found in Thailand.[57]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Malaysian Rail-babbler | Eupetes macrocerus |
Bulbuls
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pycnonotidae
Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.There are 130 species worldwide of which 36 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Mountain_Bulbul.jpg/220px-Mountain_Bulbul.jpg)
common resident in highlands
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Crested Finchbill | Spizixos canifrons | |
Straw-headed Bulbul | Pycnonotus zeylanicus | Rare and globally vulnerable[58] |
Striated Bulbul | Pycnonotus striatus | |
Black-and-white Bulbul | Pycnonotus melanoleucus | Rare |
Black-headed Bulbul | Pycnonotus atriceps | |
Black-crested Bulbul | Pycnonotus melanicterus | |
Scaly-breasted Bulbul | Pycnonotus squamatus | |
Grey-bellied Bulbul | Pycnonotus cyaniventris | |
Red-whiskered Bulbul | Pycnonotus jocosus | |
Brown-breasted Bulbul | Pycnonotus xanthorrhous | |
Light-vented Bulbul | Pycnonotus sinensis | |
Sooty-headed Bulbul | Pycnonotus aurigaster | |
Puff-backed Bulbul | Pycnonotus eutilotus | |
Stripe-throated Bulbul | Pycnonotus finlaysoni | |
Flavescent Bulbul | Pycnonotus flavescens | |
Yellow-vented Bulbul | Pycnonotus goiavier | |
Olive-winged Bulbul | Pycnonotus plumosus | |
Streak-eared Bulbul | Pycnonotus blanfordi | |
Cream-vented Bulbul | Pycnonotus simplex | |
Red-eyed Bulbul | Pycnonotus brunneus | |
Spectacled Bulbul | Pycnonotus erythropthalmos | |
Finsch's Bulbul | Alophoixus finschii | |
White-throated Bulbul | Alophoixus flaveolus | |
Puff-throated Bulbul | Alophoixus pallidus | |
Ochraceous Bulbul | Alophoixus ochraceus | |
Grey-cheeked Bulbul | Alophoixus bres | |
Yellow-bellied Bulbul | Alophoixus phaeocephalus | |
Hairy-backed Bulbul | Tricholestes criniger | |
Olive Bulbul | Iole virescens | |
Grey-eyed Bulbul | Iole propinqua | |
Buff-vented Bulbul | Iole olivacea | |
Streaked Bulbul | Ixos malaccensis | |
Ashy Bulbul | Hemixos flavala | |
Mountain Bulbul | Ixos mcclellandii | |
Black Bulbul | Hypsipetes leucocephalus | Resident and winter visitor |
White-headed Bulbul | Hypsipetes thompsoni |
Leafbirds
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Chloropseidae
The Leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. There are eight species worldwide of which five occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Orange_bellied_leafbird.jpg/220px-Orange_bellied_leafbird.jpg)
fairly common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Greater Green Leafbird | Chloropsis sonnerati | |
Lesser Green Leafbird | Chloropsis cyanopogon | |
Blue-winged Leafbird | Chloropsis cochinchinensis | |
Golden-fronted Leafbird | Chloropsis aurifrons | |
Orange-bellied Leafbird | Chloropsis hardwickii |
Ioras
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Aegithinidae
The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in coloration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens. There are four species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[59]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Common Iora | Aegithina tiphia | |
Green Iora | Aegithina viridissima | |
Great Iora | Aegithina lafresnayei |
Dippers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cinclidae
Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are five species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[60]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Brown Dipper | Cinclus pallasii | Rare non-breeding visitor |
Thrushes and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide of which 21 occur in Thailand.[61]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Blue_whistling_Thrush_I2-_Himachal-_IMG_3098.jpg/220px-Blue_whistling_Thrush_I2-_Himachal-_IMG_3098.jpg)
common resident and winter visitor, Thailand breeding subspecies shown
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
White-throated Rock Thrush | Monticola gularis | Winter visitor |
Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush | Monticola rufiventris | Winter visitor, resident on highest peaks |
Blue Rock Thrush | Monticola solitarius | Resident (ssp madoci) in far south and winter visitor |
Blue Whistling Thrush | Myophonus caeruleus | Resident and winter visitor[3] |
Chestnut-capped Thrush | Zoothera interpres | Rare |
Orange-headed Thrush | Zoothera citrina | Winter visitor |
Siberian Thrush | Zoothera sibirica | Winter visitor |
Long-tailed Thrush | Zoothera dixoni | Winter visitor |
Scaly Thrush | Zoothera dauma | Winter visitor, resident in mountains |
Dark-sided Thrush | Zoothera marginata | |
Black-breasted Thrush | Turdus dissimilis | Rare winter visitor |
Japanese Thrush | Turdus cardis | Accidental |
Grey-winged Blackbird | Turdus boulboul | Rare winter visitor |
Eurasian Blackbird | Turdus merula | One record |
Chestnut Thrush | Turdus rubrocanus | Rare winter visitor |
Grey-sided Thrush | Turdus feae | Rare winter visitor |
Eyebrowed Thrush | Turdus obscurus | Winter visitor |
Dark-throated Thrush | Turdus ruficollis | T. r. ruficlllis and T. r. atrogularis are both very rare winter visitors. |
Dusky Thrush | Turdus naumanni | Irruptive in winter |
Lesser Shortwing | Brachypteryx leucophrys | |
White-browed Shortwing | Brachypteryx montana |
Cisticolas and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cisticolidae
The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide of which eight occur in Thailand.[62]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cisticola_exilis.jpg/140px-Cisticola_exilis.jpg)
Common grassland resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Zitting Cisticola | Cisticola juncidis | |
Golden-headed Cisticola | Cisticola exilis | |
Brown Prinia | Prinia polychroa | |
Hill Prinia | Prinia atrogularis | |
Rufescent Prinia | Prinia rufescens | |
Grey-breasted Prinia | Prinia hodgsonii | |
Yellow-bellied Prinia | Prinia flaviventris | |
Plain Prinia | Prinia inornata |
Old World warblers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sylviidae
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide of which 58 occur in Thailand.[62]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Greenish_Warbler_I_IMG_0565.jpg/220px-Greenish_Warbler_I_IMG_0565.jpg)
fairly common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Chestnut-headed Tesia | Tesia castaneocoronata | |
Slaty-bellied Tesia | Tesia olivea | |
Grey-bellied Tesia | Tesia cyaniventer | Very rare |
Asian Stubtail | Urosphena squameiceps | Winter visitor |
Manchurian Bush Warbler | Cettia canturians | Rare winter visitor |
Pale-footed Bush Warbler | Cettia pallidipes | |
Chestnut-crowned Bush Warbler | Cettia major | Very rare winter visitor |
Aberrant Bush Warbler | Cettia flavolivacea | Winter visitor |
Spotted Bush Warbler | Bradypterus thoracicus | Winter visitor |
Chinese Bush Warbler | Bradypterus tacsanowskius | Very rare winter visitor |
Russet Bush Warbler | Bradypterus seebohmi | |
Brown Bush Warbler | Bradypterus luteoventris | Rare winter visitor |
Lanceolated Warbler | Locustella lanceolata | Winter visitor |
Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler | Locustella certhiola | Winter visitor |
Black-browed Reed Warbler | Acrocephalus bistrigiceps | Winter visitor |
Paddyfield Warbler | Acrocephalus agricola | Rare winter visitor |
Blunt-winged Warbler | Acrocephalus concinens | Winter visitor |
Oriental Reed Warbler | Acrocephalus orientalis | Winter visitor |
Large-billed Reed-warbler | Acrocephalus orinus | Rediscovered 2006[63] |
Clamorous Reed Warbler | Acrocephalus stentoreus | Very rare winter visitor |
Thick-billed Warbler | Acrocephalus aedon | Winter visitor |
Mountain Tailorbird | Orthotomus cuculatus | |
Common Tailorbird | Orthotomus sutorius | |
Dark-necked Tailorbird | Orthotomus atrogularis | |
Rufous-tailed Tailorbird | Orthotomus sericeus | |
Ashy Tailorbird | Orthotomus ruficeps | |
Dusky Warbler | Phylloscopus fuscatus | Winter visitor |
Buff-throated Warbler | Phylloscopus subaffinis | Winter visitor |
Yellow-streaked Warbler | Phylloscopus armandii | Winter visitor |
Radde's Warbler | Phylloscopus schwarzi | Winter visitor |
Buff-barred Warbler | Phylloscopus pulcher | Winter visitor |
Ashy-throated Warbler | Phylloscopus maculipennis | Winter visitor |
Lemon-rumped Warbler | Phylloscopus proregulus | Winter visitor |
Pale-rumped Warbler | Phylloscopus chloronotus | Accidental |
Chinese Leaf Warbler | Phylloscopus yunnanensis | Winter visitor |
Yellow-browed Warbler | Phylloscopus inornatus | Winter visitor |
Hume's Warbler | Phylloscopus humei | Winter visitor |
Arctic Warbler | Phylloscopus borealis | Winter and passage visitor |
Greenish Warbler | Phylloscopus trochiloides | Winter visitor |
Pale-legged Leaf Warbler | Phylloscopus tenellipes | Winter visitor |
Sakhalin Leaf Warbler | Phylloscopus borealoides | |
Eastern Crowned Warbler | Phylloscopus coronatus | Winter and passage visitor |
Blyth's Leaf-warbler | Phylloscopus reguloides | Winter visitor |
White-tailed Leaf Warbler | Phylloscopus davisoni | |
Yellow-vented Warbler | Phylloscopus cantator | Rare winter visitor |
Sulphur-breasted Warbler | Phylloscopus ricketti | Winter visitor |
Grey-cheeked Warbler | Seicercus poliogenys | |
Chestnut-crowned Warbler | Seicercus castaniceps | |
Rufous-faced Warbler | Abroscopus albogularis | Rare |
Yellow-bellied Warbler | Abroscopus superciliaris | |
Striated Grassbird | Megalurus palustris | |
Rufous-rumped Grassbird | Graminicola bengalensis | Probably extinct |
Lesser Whitethroat | Sylvia curruca | Rare winter visitor |
Grey-crowned Warbler | Seicercus tephrocephalus | Rare winter visitor |
Bianchi's Warbler | Seicercus valentini | Winter visitor |
Plain-tailed Warbler | Seicercus soror | Winter visitor |
Old World flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Muscicapidae
Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide of which 69 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/White-capped_Redstart_I_IMG_7401.jpg/220px-White-capped_Redstart_I_IMG_7401.jpg)
resident in northern mountains
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Brown-chested Jungle-flycatcher | Rhinomyias brunneata | Rare on passage |
Grey-chested Jungle-flycatcher | Rhinomyias umbratilis | Rare in far south |
Fulvous-chested Jungle-flycatcher | Rhinomyias olivacea | |
Siberian Flycatcher | Muscicapa sibirica | Winter visitor |
Asian Brown Flycatcher | Muscicapa dauurica | Resident and winter visitor |
Brown-streaked Flycatcher | Muscicapa williamsoni | Resident and passage visitor |
Brown-breasted Flycatcher | Muscicapa muttui | Very rare |
Ferruginous Flycatcher | Muscicapa ferruginea | Winter visitor and passage migrant |
Korean Flycatcher | Ficedula zanthopygia | Passage migrant |
Narcissus Flycatcher | Ficedula narcissina | Rare winter visitor |
Mugimaki Flycatcher | Ficedula mugimaki | Winter visitor |
Slaty-backed Flycatcher | Ficedula hodgsonii | Winter visitor |
Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher | Ficedula strophiata | Winter visitor |
Red-throated Flycatcher | Ficedula albicilla | Winter visitor |
Snowy-browed Flycatcher | Ficedula hyperythra | |
White-gorgeted Flycatcher | Ficedula monileger | |
Rufous-browed Flycatcher | Ficedula solitaris | |
Rufous-chested Flycatcher | Ficedula dumetoria | |
Little Pied Flycatcher | Ficedula westermanni | |
Ultramarine Flycatcher | Ficedula superciliaris | Winter visitor |
Slaty-blue Flycatcher | Ficedula tricolor | Winter visitor |
Sapphire Flycatcher | Ficedula sapphira | Winter visitor |
Blue-and-white Flycatcher | Cyanoptila cyanomelana | Passage migrant |
Verditer Flycatcher | Eumyias thalassina | Resident and winter visitor |
Large Niltava | Niltava grandis | |
Small Niltava | Niltava macgrigoriae | |
Fujian Niltava | Niltava davidi | Rare winter visitor |
Rufous-bellied Niltava | Niltava sundara | Winter visitor |
Vivid Niltava | Niltava vivida | Winter visitor |
White-tailed Flycatcher | Cyornis concretus | Rare |
Hainan Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis hainanus | |
Pale Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis unicolor | |
Blue-throated Flycatcher | Cyornis rubeculoides | Resident and winter visitor |
Hill Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis banyumas | |
Malaysian Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis turcosus | |
Tickell's Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis tickelliae | |
Mangrove Blue Flycatcher | Cyornis rufigastra | |
Pygmy Blue Flycatcher | Muscicapella hodgsoni | Rare winter visitor |
Grey-headed Canary Flycatcher | Culicicapa ceylonensis | |
Japanese Robin | Erithacus akahige | One record |
Rufous-tailed Robin | Luscinia sibilans | Rare winter visitor |
Siberian Rubythroat | Luscinia calliope | Winter visitor |
White-tailed Rubythroat | Luscinia pectoralis | One record |
Bluethroat | Luscinia svecica | Winter visitor |
Black-throated Blue Robin | Luscinia obscura | Very rare winter visitor |
Siberian Blue Robin | Luscinia cyane | Winter visitor |
Red-flanked Bluetail | Tarsiger cyanurus | Winter visitor |
Golden Bush Robin | Tarsiger chrysaeus | Rare winter visitor |
Oriental Magpie Robin | Copsychus saularis | |
White-rumped Shama | Copsychus malabaricus | |
Rufous-tailed Shama | Trichixos pyrropyga | Rare |
Daurian Redstart | Phoenicurus auroreus | Winter visitor |
Blue-fronted Redstart | Phoenicurus frontalis | Rare winter visitor |
White-capped Water-redstart | Chaimarrornis leucocephalus | Mainly winter visitor |
Plumbeous Redstart | Rhyacornis fuliginosus | Resident and winter visitor |
White-bellied Redstart | Hodgsonius phaenicuroides | Resident and winter visitor |
Siberian Stonechat | Saxicola maura | Resident and winter visitor |
White-tailed Robin | Cinclidium leucurum | |
Blue-fronted Robin | Cinclidium frontale | Status uncertain, one record |
Chestnut-naped Forktail | Enicurus ruficapillus | |
Black-backed Forktail | Enicurus immaculatus | |
Slaty-backed Forktail | Enicurus schistaceus | |
White-crowned Forktail | Enicurus leschenaulti | |
Purple Cochoa | Cochoa purpurea | Rare |
Green Cochoa | Cochoa viridis | |
Pied Bushchat | Saxicola caprata | |
Jerdon's Bushchat | Saxicola jerdoni | Rare |
Grey Bushchat | Saxicola ferrea | Resident and winter visitor |
Fantails
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Rhipiduridae
The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails. There are 44 species worldwide of which five occur in Thailand.[64]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Pied_Fantail.jpg/220px-Pied_Fantail.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Yellow-bellied Fantail | Rhipidura hypoxantha | |
White-throated Fantail | Rhipidura albicollis | |
White-browed Fantail | Rhipidura aureola | |
Pied Fantail | Rhipidura javanica | |
Spotted Fantail | Rhipidura perlata | Rare |
Monarch flycatchers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Monarchidae
The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines, which hunt by gleaning, hovering, or flycatching. There are about 99 species worldwide and three occur in Thailand.[65]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black-naped Monarch | Hypothymis azurea | |
Japanese Paradise-flycatcher | Terpsiphone atrocaudata | Rare winter visitor, passage migrant |
Asian Paradise-Flycatcher | Terpsiphone paradisi | Resident and winter visitor |
Whistlers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pachycephalidae
The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrike-thrushes, shrike-tits, pitohuis and Crested Bellbird. There are 57 species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Mangrove Whistler | Pachycephala grisola |
Babblers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Timaliidae
The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and colouration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide of which 76 occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Chrysomma_sinense.jpg/220px-Chrysomma_sinense.jpg)
very common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
White-crested Laughingthrush | Garrulax leucolophus | |
Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush | Garrulax monileger | |
Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush | Garrulax pectoralis | |
Black Laughingthrush | Garrulax lugubris | Rare in far south |
White-necked Laughingthrush | Garrulax strepitans | |
Black-throated Laughingthrush | Garrulax chinensis | |
Chestnut-capped Laughingthrush | Garrulax mitratus | Rare in far south |
Spot-breasted Laughingthrush | Garrulax merulinus | Very rare |
White-browed Laughingthrush | Garrulax sannio | |
Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush | Garrulax erythrocephalus | |
Red-tailed Laughingthrush | Garrulax milnei | Rare |
Red-faced Liocichla | Liocichla phoenicea | |
White-chested Babbler | Trichastoma rostratum | |
Ferruginous Babbler | Trichastoma bicolor | |
Abbott's Babbler | Malacocincla abbotti | |
Horsfield's Babbler | Malacocincla sepiarium | |
Short-tailed Babbler | Malacocincla malaccensis | |
Buff-breasted Babbler | Pellorneum tickelli | |
Spot-throated Babbler | Pellorneum albiventre | |
Puff-throated Babbler | Pellorneum ruficeps | |
Black-capped Babbler | Pellorneum capistratum | |
Moustached Babbler | Malacopteron magnirostre | |
Sooty-capped Babbler | Malacopteron affine | Rare and globally threatened[66] |
Scaly-crowned Babbler | Malacopteron cinereum | |
Rufous-crowned Babbler | Malacopteron magnum | |
Large Scimitar-babbler | Pomatorhinus hypoleucos | |
Rusty-cheeked Scimitar-babbler | Pomatorhinus erythrogenys | |
White-browed Scimitar-babbler | Pomatorhinus schisticeps | |
Red-billed Scimitar-babbler | Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps | |
Coral-billed Scimitar-babbler | Pomatorhinus ferruginosus | Rare |
Striped Wren-babbler | Kenopia striata | Rare and globally threatened[67] |
Large Wren-babbler | Napothera macrodactyla | |
Limestone Wren-babbler | Napothera crispifrons | |
Streaked Wren-babbler | Napothera brevicaudata | |
Eyebrowed Wren-babbler | Napothera epilepidota | |
Pygmy Wren-babbler | Pnoepyga pusilla | |
Deignan's Babbler | Stachyris rodolphei | Endemic if accepted as a species[68] |
Buff-chested Babbler | Stachyris ambigua | |
Rufous-fronted Babbler | Stachyris rufifrons | |
Golden Babbler | Stachyris chrysaea | |
Grey-throated Babbler | Stachyris nigriceps | |
Grey-headed Babbler | Stachyris poliocephala | |
Spot-necked Babbler | Stachyris striolata | |
White-necked Babbler | Stachyris leucotis | Rare |
Black-throated Babbler | Stachyris nigricollis | |
Chestnut-rumped Babbler | Stachyris maculata | |
Chestnut-winged Babbler | Stachyris erythroptera | |
Striped Tit-babbler | Macronous gularis | |
Fluffy-backed Tit-babbler | Macronous ptilosus | Rare, much reduced |
Chestnut-capped Babbler | Timalia pileata | |
Yellow-eyed Babbler | Chrysomma sinense | |
Silver-eared Mesia | Leiothrix argentauris | |
Cutia | Cutia nipalensis | Rare |
White-browed Shrike-babbler | Pteruthius flaviscapis | |
Black-eared Shrike-babbler | Pteruthius melanotis | |
Chestnut-fronted Shrike-babbler | Pteruthius aenobarbus | |
White-hooded Babbler | Gampsorhynchus rufulus | |
Spectacled Barwing | Actinodura ramsayi | |
Blue-winged Minla | Minla cyanouroptera | |
Chestnut-tailed Minla | Minla strigula | |
Rufous-winged Fulvetta | Alcippe castaneceps | |
Rufous-throated Fulvetta | Alcippe rufogularis | Rare |
Brown Fulvetta | Alcippe brunneicauda | |
Brown-cheeked Fulvetta | Alcippe poioicephala | |
Grey-cheeked Fulvetta | Alcippe morrisonia | |
Mountain Fulvetta | Alcippe peracensis | |
Rufous-backed Sibia | Heterophasia annectens | |
Black-backed Sibia | Heterophasia melanoleuca | |
Long-tailed Sibia | Heterophasia picaoides | |
Striated Yuhina | Yuhina castaniceps | |
Whiskered Yuhina | Yuhina flavicollis | |
Burmese Yuhina | Yuhina humilis | |
White-bellied Yuhina | Yuhina zantholeuca |
Parrotbills
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paradoxornithidae
The parrotbills are a group of birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations are known from elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitats. There are 20 species worldwide of which five occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Grey-headed Parrotbill | Paradoxornis gularis | |
Spot-breasted Parrotbill | Paradoxornis guttaticollis | |
Black-throated Parrotbill | Paradoxornis nipalensis | |
Short-tailed Parrotbill | Paradoxornis davidianus | Rare |
Black-browed Parrotbill | Paradoxornis atrosuperciliaris | Rare |
Long-tailed tits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Aegithalidae
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Black-throated_Tit.jpg/220px-Black-throated_Tit.jpg)
Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet that includes insects. There are nine species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[69]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black-throated Tit | Aegithalos concinnus |
Thornbills and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pardalotidae
Thornbills and their relatives are highly varied small to medium-sized passerine birds that build covered nests entered from the side. There are about 65 species worldwide and one occurs in Thailand.[70]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Golden-bellied Gerygone | Gerygone sulphurea |
Tits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Paridae
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide of which four occur in Thailand.[69]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Great_Tit-_Kolkata_I2_IMG_5904.jpg/220px-Great_Tit-_Kolkata_I2_IMG_5904.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Great Tit | Parus major | |
Yellow-cheeked Tit | Parus spilonotus | |
Yellow-browed Tit | Sylviparus modestus | |
Sultan Tit | Melanochlora sultanea |
Nuthatches
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sittidae
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[69]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Sitta_frontalis_-Assam_-India-8.jpg/150px-Sitta_frontalis_-Assam_-India-8.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch | Sitta castanea | |
Chestnut-vented Nuthatch | Sitta nagaensis | |
Velvet-fronted Nuthatch | Sitta frontalis | |
Blue Nuthatch | Sitta azurea | Accidental |
Giant Nuthatch | Sitta magna | |
Beautiful Nuthatch | Sitta formosa |
Treecreepers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Certhiidae
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are six species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[69]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Brown-throated Treecreeper | Certhia discolor |
Penduline tits
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Remizidae
The penduline tits are a group of small insectivorous passerine birds, related to the true tits. They are named from the hanging basket nests they construct. There are 13 species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[69]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Fire-capped Tit | Cephalopyrus flammiceps | Rare winter visitor |
Sunbirds and spiderhunters
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Nectariniidae
The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide of which 22 occur in Thailand.[71]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Plain-throated_Sunbird.jpg/220px-Plain-throated_Sunbird.jpg)
fairly common in Peninsular
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Ruby-cheeked Sunbird | Chalcoparia singalensis | |
Plain Sunbird | Anthreptes simplex | |
Plain-throated Sunbird | Anthreptes malacensis | |
Red-throated Sunbird | Anthreptes rhodolaema | Rare |
Purple-naped Sunbird | Hypogramma hypogrammicum | |
Copper-throated Sunbird | Leptocoma calcostetha | |
Purple-throated Sunbird | Leptocoma sperata | |
Purple Sunbird | Cinnyris asiaticus | |
Olive-backed Sunbird | Cinnyris jugularis | |
Gould's Sunbird | Aethopyga gouldiae | Winter visitor |
Green-tailed Sunbird | Aethopyga nipalensis | Resident in mountains |
Black-throated Sunbird | Aethopyga saturata | |
Crimson Sunbird | Aethopyga siparaja | |
Temminck's Sunbird | Aethopyga temminckii | Rare |
Fire-tailed Sunbird | Aethopyga ignicauda | Accidental |
Thick-billed Spiderhunter | Arachnothera crassirostris | |
Spectacled Spiderhunter | Arachnothera flavigaster | |
Long-billed Spiderhunter | Arachnothera robusta | Rare |
Little Spiderhunter | Arachnothera longirostra | |
Yellow-eared Spiderhunter | Arachnothera chrysogenys | |
Grey-breasted Spiderhunter | Arachnothera modesta | |
Streaked Spiderhunter | Arachnothera magna |
Flowerpeckers
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dicaeidae
The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. There are 44 species worldwide of which ten occur in Thailand.[71]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Scarlet-backed_Fowerpecker_male.jpg/220px-Scarlet-backed_Fowerpecker_male.jpg)
rare resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Yellow-breasted Flowerpecker | Prionochilus maculatus | |
Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker | Prionochilus percussus | |
Scarlet-breasted Flowerpecker | Prionochilus thoracicus | |
Thick-billed Flowerpecker | Dicaeum agile | |
Yellow-vented Flowerpecker | Dicaeum chrysorrheum | |
Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker | Dicaeum melanoxanthum | Uncommon, may breed |
Orange-bellied Flowerpecker | Dicaeum trigonostigma | |
Plain Flowerpecker | Dicaeum concolor | |
Fire-breasted Flowerpecker | Dicaeum ignipectus | |
Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker | Dicaeum cruentatum | Rare resident in far south |
White-eyes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Zosteropidae
The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eyes. There are 96 species worldwide of which four occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Zosterops_japonicus_01.jpg/220px-Zosterops_japonicus_01.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Chestnut-flanked White-eye | Zosterops erythropleurus | Winter visitor |
Oriental White-eye | Zosterops palpebrosus | |
Japanese White-eye | Zosterops japonicus | Winter visitor |
Everett's White-eye | Zosterops everetti |
Old World orioles
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Oriolidae
The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds, not closely related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide of which six occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Black_naped_Oriole_Id3m_IMG_5629.jpg/220px-Black_naped_Oriole_Id3m_IMG_5629.jpg)
common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Dark-throated Oriole | Oriolus xanthonotus | |
Black-naped Oriole | Oriolus chinensis | Winter visitor |
Slender-billed Oriole | Oriolus tenuirostris | Winter visitor |
Black-hooded Oriole | Oriolus xanthornus | |
Maroon Oriole | Oriolus traillii | |
Silver Oriole | Oriolus mellianus | Rare winter visitor |
Fairy-bluebirds
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Irenidae
The Fairy-bluebirds are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green. There are two species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[72]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Asian Fairy Bluebird | Irena puella |
Shrikes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Laniidae
Shrikes are passerine birds known for the habit of some species of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide of which five occur in Thailand.[73]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Tiger_shrike_%28Lanius_tigrinus%29%2C_Hindhede_Nature_Park%2C_Singapore_-_20060921.jpg/140px-Tiger_shrike_%28Lanius_tigrinus%29%2C_Hindhede_Nature_Park%2C_Singapore_-_20060921.jpg)
Passage migrant
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Tiger Shrike | Lanius tigrinus | Fairly common passage migrant |
Brown Shrike | Lanius cristatus | Winter visitor |
Burmese Shrike | Lanius collurioides | Winter visitor |
Long-tailed Shrike | Lanius schach | Passage migrant |
Grey-backed Shrike | Lanius tephronotus | Winter visitor |
Helmetshrikes
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Prionopidae
The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide of which four occur in Thailand.[73]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Large_Woodshrike_%28Tephrodornis_pondicerianus%29_at_Jayanti%2C_Duars%2C_WB_W_Picture_510.jpg/150px-Large_Woodshrike_%28Tephrodornis_pondicerianus%29_at_Jayanti%2C_Duars%2C_WB_W_Picture_510.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Large Woodshrike | Tephrodornis gularis | |
Common Woodshrike | Tephrodornis pondicerianus | |
Rufous-winged Philentoma | Philentoma pyrhopterum | |
Maroon-breasted Philentoma | Philentoma velatum |
Drongos
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dicruridae
The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide of which seven occur in Thailand.[13]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Bronzed_Drongo_I_IMG_1677.jpg/150px-Bronzed_Drongo_I_IMG_1677.jpg)
common resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Black Drongo | Dicrurus macrocercus | Resident and winter visitor |
Ashy Drongo | Dicrurus leucophaeus | Resident and winter visitor |
Crow-billed Drongo | Dicrurus annectans | Winter visitor and passage migrant |
Bronzed Drongo | Dicrurus aeneus | |
Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo | Dicrurus remifer | |
Hair-crested Drongo | Dicrurus hottentottus | Resident and winter visitor |
Greater Racket-tailed Drongo | Dicrurus paradiseus |
Woodswallows
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Artamidae
The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. There are 11 species worldwide of which one occurs in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Ashy Woodswallow | Artamus fuscus |
Crows and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behaviour. There are 120 species worldwide of which 13 occur in Thailand.[74]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Haubenh%C3%A4her1.jpg/220px-Haubenh%C3%A4her1.jpg)
uncommon resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Crested Jay | Platylophus galericulatus | |
Black Magpie | Platysmurus leucopterus | |
Eurasian Jay | Garrulus glandarius | |
Blue Magpie | Urocissa erythrorhyncha | |
Green Magpie | Cissa chinensis | |
Yellow-breasted Magpie | Cissa hypoleuca | |
Rufous Treepie | Dendrocitta vagabunda | |
Grey Treepie | Dendrocitta formosae | |
Racket-tailed Treepie | Crypsirina temia | |
Ratchet-tailed Treepie | Temnurus temnurus | Accidental |
Eurasian Magpie | Pica pica | Accidental |
House Crow | Corvus splendens | Possibly extinct |
Large-billed Crow | Corvus macrorhynchos |
Starlings
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Sturnidae
Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide of which 19 occur in Thailand.[75]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Asian Glossy Starling | Aplonis panayensis | |
Spot-winged Starling | Saroglossa spiloptera | Rare winter visitor |
Golden-crested Myna | Ampeliceps coronatus | |
Common Hill Myna | Gracula religiosa | |
White-vented Myna | Acridotheres grandis | |
Crested Myna | Acridotheres cristatellus | |
Jungle Myna | Acridotheres fuscus | |
Common Myna | Acridotheres tristis | Range expansion through introductions[39] |
Vinous-breasted Starling | Acridotheres burmannicus | |
Black-collared Starling | Gracupica nigricollis | |
Asian Pied Starling | Gracupica contra | |
Daurian Starling | Sturnia sturnina | Resident and passage visitor |
Chestnut-cheeked Starling | Sturnia philippensis | Accidental |
White-shouldered Starling | Sturnia sinensis | Winter visitor |
Chestnut-tailed Starling | Sturnia malabarica | Resident and winter visitor |
Brahminy Starling | Temenuchus pagodarum | Accidental |
Rosy Starling | Pastor roseus | Very rare winter visitor |
White-cheeked Starling | Sturnus cineraceus | Accidental |
European Starling | Sturnus vulgaris | Rare winter visitor |
Weavers and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Ploceidae
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season. There are 116 species worldwide of which three occur in Thailand.[13]
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Streaked Weaver | Ploceus manyar | |
Baya Weaver | Ploceus philippinus | |
Asian Golden Weaver | Ploceus hypoxanthus |
Waxbills and allies
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Estrildidae
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide of which eight occur in Thailand.[76]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Amandava_amandava_%28VijayCavale%29.jpg/220px-Amandava_amandava_%28VijayCavale%29.jpg)
uncommon resident
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Red Munia | Amandava amandava | |
Pin-tailed Parrotfinch | Erythrura prasina | |
White-rumped Munia | Lonchura striata | |
Nutmeg Mannikin | Lonchura punctulata | |
White-bellied Munia | Lonchura leucogastra | |
Chestnut Munia | Lonchura atricapilla | |
White-headed Munia | Lonchura maja | |
Java Sparrow | Padda oryzivora | Common introduced species[39] |
Buntings
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae
The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In the Old World, most species are named as "buntings". Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are 275 species worldwide, of which eight occur in Thailand.[77]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Little_Bunting.jpg/220px-Little_Bunting.jpg)
common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Crested Bunting | Melophus lathami | Winter visitor |
Tristram's Bunting | Emberiza tristrami | Accidental |
Chestnut-eared Bunting | Emberiza fucata | Winter visitor |
Little Bunting | Emberiza pusilla | Winter visitor |
Yellow-breasted Bunting | Emberiza aureola | Winter visitor |
Chestnut Bunting | Emberiza rutila | Winter visitor |
Black-headed Bunting | Emberiza melanocephala | Accidental |
Black-faced Bunting | Emberiza spodocephala | Rare winter visitor |
Finches
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae
Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide, of which ten occur in Thailand.[76]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Common_Rosefinch_I_IMG_3959.jpg/220px-Common_Rosefinch_I_IMG_3959.jpg)
common winter visitor
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
Chaffinch | Fringilla coelebs | Accidental |
Brambling | Fringilla montifringilla | Accidental |
Dark-breasted Rosefinch | Carpodacus nipalensis | Winter visitor |
Common Rosefinch | Carpodacus erythrinus | Winter visitor |
Pink-rumped Rosefinch | Carpodacus eos | Accidental |
Black-headed Greenfinch | Carduelis ambigua | Rare winter visitor |
Yellow-billed Grosbeak | Eophona migratoria | Accidental |
Collared Grosbeak | Mycerobas affinis | Accidental |
Spot-winged Grosbeak | Mycerobas melanozanthos | |
Scarlet Finch | Haematospiza sipahi |
Sparrows
Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae
Sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide of which four occur in Thailand.[76]
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Russet_Sparow_%28Male%29_I_IMG_6779.jpg/220px-Russet_Sparow_%28Male%29_I_IMG_6779.jpg)
Common name | Binomial | Status |
---|---|---|
House Sparrow | Passer domesticus | Recent colonist[4] |
Cinnamon Sparrow | Passer rutilans | Rare winter visitor |
Plain-backed Sparrow | Passer flaveolus | |
Eurasian Tree Sparrow | Passer montanus |
See also
References
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- ^ Clements, James F. Birds of the World: a Checklist. Cornell University Press. 2000: 880. ISBN 0934797161.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Robson, Craig. A Field Guide to the Birds of Thailand. New Holland. 2004. ISBN 1843309211.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Lekagul, Boonsong; Round, Philip (1991) A Guide to the Birds of Thailand 7–19 ISBN 9748567362
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Bakewell, David N; Kennerley Peter R. Malaysia’s “mystery” plover. Surfbirds. [2008-05-12].
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Turner, Angela K; Rose, Chris. A handbook to the Swallows and Martins of the World. Bromley: Christopher Helm. 1989: 86–88. ISBN 0-7470-3202-5. 引用错误:带有name属性“Turner”的
<ref>
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- ^ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 Hayman, Peter; Marchant, John; Prater, Tony. Shorebirds: An Identification Guide to the Waders of the World. Houghton Mifflin. 1991. ISBN 0395602378.
- ^ BirdLife International. Eurynorhynchus pygmeus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004. [11 May 2006]. Database entry includes justification for why this species is endangered
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- ^ 39.0 39.1 39.2 YAP, Charlotte A. M.; Sodhi, Navjot S. Southeast Asian invasive birds: ecology, impact and Management. Ornithological Science (PDF) . 2004, 3: 57–67. doi:10.2326/osj.3.57. 外部链接存在于
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- ^ 46.0 46.1 Chantler, Phil; Driessens, Gerald (illustrator. Swifts. Pica / Christopher Helm. 2000. ISBN 1873403836.
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