俄罗斯化
俄罗斯化(俄语:русификация,罗马化:rusifikatsiya)是指俄罗斯政权或人民将其境内非俄罗斯民族进行同化、民族融合的手段。此政策在19世纪的俄罗斯帝国、20世纪的苏联和21世纪的俄罗斯联邦皆采取过,历史上曾受俄罗斯人统治的波罗的海三国民族、芬兰人、波兰人、车臣人与白俄罗斯人、哈萨克人皆曾受到此政策的影响、本国文化受到镇压,苏联于斯大林时期更曾大规模推动此政策,更将军事占领的波兰境内的民族主义者大量屠杀。
延伸阅读
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- Azrael, Jeremy R., Ed. 1978. Soviet Nationality Policies and Practices. New York: Praeger.
- Włodzimierz Bączkowski. Russian colonialism: the Tsarist and Soviet empires. New York, Frederick A. Praeger. 1958: 97.
- Bilinsky, Yaroslav. 1962. "The Soviet Education Laws of 1958–59 and Soviet Nationality Policy," Soviet Studies 14 (Oct. 1962): 138–157.
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- Kaiser, Robert, and Jeffrey Chinn. 1996. The Russians as the New Minority in the Soviet Successor States. Boulder, CO: Westview.
- Karklins, Rasma. 1986. Ethnic Relations in the USSR: The Perspective from Below. Boston and London: Allen & Unwin.
- Kreindler, Isabelle. 1982. "The Changing Status of Russian in the Soviet Union," International Journal of the Sociology of Language 33: 7–39.
- Lewis, E. Glyn. 1972. Multilingualism in the Soviet Union: Aspects of Language Policy and its Implementation. The Hague: Mouton.
- Pavlenko, Aneta. 2008. Multilingualism in Post-Soviet Countries. Multilingual Matters, Tonawanda, NY. ISBN 1-84769-087-4.
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- Rouland, Michael. A nation on stage: music and the 1936 Festival of Kazak Arts. In Neil Edmunds, ed., Soviet Music and Society under Lenin and Stalin: The baton and sickle (pp. 181–208). Abingdon & New York, NY: RoutledgeCurzon. 2004. ISBN 978-0-415-30219-7.
- Serbak, Mykola. Natsional'na politika tsarizmu na pravoberežniy Ukrayni (National Politics of Tsardom in Right-bank Ukraine). Kyiv, Kyiv Shevchenko University Press. 1997: 89. ISBN 5-7763-9036-2.
- Silver, Brian D. 1974. "The Status of National Minority Languages in Soviet Education: An Assessment of Recent Changes," Soviet Studies 26 (January): 28–40.
- Silver, Brian D. 1986. "The Ethnic and Language Dimensions in Russian and Soviet Censuses," in Ralph S. Clem, Ed., Research Guide to the Russian and Soviet Censuses (Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press): 70–97.
- Leonard Szymański. Zarys polityki caratu wobec szkolnictwa ogólnokształcącego w Królestwie Polskim w latach 1815–1915 (Sketch of the Tsarist Politics Regarding General Education in the Kingdom of Poland Between 1815 and 1915). Wrocław, AWF. 1983: 1982.
- Thaden, Edward C., Ed. 1981. Russification in the Baltic Provinces and Finland, 1855–1914. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-05314-6
- Weeks, Theodore R. Nation and state in late Imperial Russia: nationalism and Russification on the western frontier, 1863–1914. DeKalb, Northern Illinois University Press. 1996: 297. ISBN 0-87580-216-8.
- Weeks, Theodore R. Russification and the Lithuanians, 1863–1905. Slavic Review. 2001, 60 (1): 96–114. JSTOR 2697645. S2CID 163956911. doi:10.2307/2697645.
- Weeks, Theodore R. Russification: Word and Practice 1863–1914 (PDF). Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 2004, 148 (4): 471–489. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于23 May 2012).
- Weeks, Theodore R. Russification / Sovietization. Institute of European History. 2011.
- Wixman, Ronald. 1984. The Peoples of the USSR: An Ethnographic Handbook. New York: M.E. Sharpe and London, Macmillan.
- John Morison (编). Ethnic and national issues in Russian and East European history; selected papers from the Fifth World Congress of Central and East European Studies. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Macmillan Press; New York, St. Martin's Press. 2000: 337. ISBN 0-333-69550-X.
- Problemy natsional'nogo soznaniâ pol'skogo naseleniâ na Belarusi (Problems of National Identity of Poles in Belarus). Grodno, Society of Poles in Belarus. 2003: 288.
参阅
外部链接
- Russification in Lithuania(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Civic Identity of Russifying Officials in the Empire’s Northwestern Region after 1863 by Mikhail Dolbilov (PDF)
- Permanent mission of Caucasian Institute for Democracy Foundation opened in Tskhinvali – Regnum News Agency (Russia), 9 December 2005
- Tatarstan Rejects Dominant Role of Russians – Kommersant, 6 March 2006