帆锯鳐属
帆锯鳐属![]() 化石时期:
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努米底亚帆锯鳐的牙齿化石 | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 软骨鱼纲 Chondrichthyes |
目: | 鳐目 Rajiformes |
科: | †硬尖犁头鳐科 Sclerorhynchidae |
属: | †帆锯鳐属 Onchopristis Stromer, 1917 |
模式种 | |
努米底亚帆锯鳐 Onchopristis numidus Haug, 1905
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种 | |
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异名[1] | |
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帆锯鳐属(属名:Onchopristis,意为“(牙齿)有倒钩的锯鳐”)是生存于白垩纪后期的大型淡水鳐[2],化石发现于北非、北美与新西兰。其外形与现生的锯鳐科相近,吻部细长,牙齿着生于吻测,但两者并非近亲,且锯鳐科的牙侧光滑无凸起,而帆锯鳐的牙齿在似釉质冠(enameloid cap)以后的区域具有一至五个倒钩[1][3]。
也有文献将其归入帆锯鳐科 (Onchopristidae Villalobos-Segura, Kriwet, Vullo, Stumpf, Ward, & Underwood, 2021[4])
下属物种
本属包括以下物种:[5]
- Gigantichthys numidus (Haug, 1905)
- Onchopristis dunklei McNulty & Slaughter, 1962
- Onchopristis pharao Dames, 1887
描述
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Mawsonia_%28Axelrodichthys%29_and_Onchopristis.jpg/220px-Mawsonia_%28Axelrodichthys%29_and_Onchopristis.jpg)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sawfish_Teeth_Comparison_by_PaleoGeek.svg/220px-Sawfish_Teeth_Comparison_by_PaleoGeek.svg.png)
吻突长约2.5米(8.2英尺),外部有带刺的牙齿。在两种帆锯鳐中,努米底亚帆锯鳐的每颗牙齿都有一个倒钩,但在邓氏帆锯鳐的每颗牙齿上有两到五个倒钩。[1]它们可以长到5-6米长。[6]
古生态学
和现代锯鳐一样,帆锯鳐的眼睛位于头顶,用于发现捕食者而不是猎物,它的嘴和鳃都在它的身体下侧。[7]它们的吻部很可能会有电感受器来检测它们下面的水中的食物,就像现代的鲨鱼一样。帆锯鳐可能会穿过河床寻找然后吃掉猎物。[7]
大众文化
帆锯鳐在《Jurassic World™:游戏》 中作为可收集角色登场。
在《恐龙星球》的电视节目中,帆锯鳐被认为是棘龙的主要食物。
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Keyes, I. W. Records of the northern hemisphere Cretaceous Sawfish genus Onchopristis (order batoidea) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 1977, 20 (2): 263–272. ISSN 0028-8306. doi:10.1080/00288306.1977.10420706.
- ^ Martill, D. M.; Ibrahim, N. Aberrant rostral teeth of the sawfish Onchopristis numidus from the Kem Kem beds (?early Late Cretaceous) of Morocco and a reappraisal of Onchopristis in New Zealand. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 2012, 64: 71–76. ISSN 1464-343X. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.11.009.
- ^ Cuny, G.; Suteethorn, V.; Khansubha, S. A sclerorhynchoid (Chondrichthyes: Batomorphii) in the lower cretaceous of Thailand?. Sullivan, R. M.; Lucas, S. G. (编). Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. 2015: 15–18 [2021-04-15]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-29).
- ^ Villalobos-Segura, E.; Kriwet, J.; Vullo, R.; Stumpf, S.; Ward, D.J.; Underwood, C.J. The skeletal remains of the euryhaline sclerorhynchoid †Onchopristis (Elasmobranchii) from the 'Mid'-Cretaceous and their palaeontological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2021, 193 (2): 746–771. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa166.
- ^ Onchopristis Stromer, 1918. GBIF. [2023-03-12]. (原始内容存档于2023-03-12).
- ^ This huge ancient sawfish had harpoons on its face. [2021-08-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-14).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Scott, C. Planet Dinosaur: The Next Generation of Killer Giants. Firefly Books. 2012: 72–73. ISBN 978-1-77085-049-1.
- Dutheil, D.B., Brito, P.M., 2009. Articulated cranium of Onchopristis numidus (Sclerorhynchidae, Elasmobranchii) from the Kem Kem Beds, Morocco. In: Jalil, N.-E. (Ed.), 1st International Congress on North African Vertebrate Palaeontology, Program & Abstracts, Marrakech, 25–27 May 2009, p. 66.
- Haug, E. Paléontologie. Documents Scientifiques de la mission saharienne (mission Foureau-Lamy). Publications de la Société de Géographie, p. 751-832
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