水心病
水心病![]() | |
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Amblyomma hebraeum,一种蜱虫,水心菌常见传播媒介 | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
域: | 细菌域 Bacteria |
界: | 细菌界 Bacteria |
门: | 假单胞菌门 Pseudomonadota |
纲: | α-变形菌纲 Alphaproteobacteria |
目: | 立克次体目 Rickettsiales |
科: | 无形体科 Anaplasmataceae |
属: | 埃利希氏体属 Ehrlichia |
种: | 水心病 E. ruminantium
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二名法 | |
Ehrlichia ruminantium Dumler, 2001
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水心病(英语:heartwater),又称牛仔病(cowdriosis)、胎心病(nintas)或埃希氏菌病(ehrlichiosis),是由蜱虫传播的细菌疾病。[1]它由水心菌(Ehrlichia ruminantium,革兰氏阴性菌的一种)[2]引起,感染物种包含牛、绵羊、山羊、羚羊和水牛等牲畜与野生反刍动物,往往为疫区的畜牧业带来重大伤害。该疾病的名称来自其症状——感染者的肺脏及心脏会蓄积大量液体。[3]
水心病常见于非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南及西印度群岛。1830年代,水心菌在南非的绵羊身上首次发现,直至1980年代,该疾病已扩散至加勒比地区。除蜱虫外,水心菌也会以黄头鹭等水鸟为传播媒介,随之寻找大型脊椎动物为宿主。[3]
部份报告指出,如同多数埃希氏菌一样,水心病可能演化为人畜共通传染病。世界卫生组织将其列为法定传染病。 [4][5][6]
参考资料
- ^ Peter TF, Burridge MJ, Mahan SM. Ehrlichia ruminantium infection (heartwater) in wild animals. Trends in Parasitology. May 2002, 18 (5): 214–8. PMID 11983602. doi:10.1016/s1471-4922(02)02251-1.
- ^ http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria/Ehrlichia_ruminantium.html
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Heartwater. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture. [2008-04-13]. (原始内容存档于2008-04-13).
- ^ Allsopp MT, Louw M, Meyer EC. Ehrlichia ruminantium: an emerging human pathogen?. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. December 2005, 1063 (1): 358–60. PMID 16481543. doi:10.1196/annals.1355.060.
- ^ Gaddy HG. Using local knowledge in emerging infectious disease research. Social Science & Medicine. August 2020, 258: 113107 [2020-09-25]. PMC 7292947
. PMID 32563166. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113107. (原始内容存档于2020-10-01).
- ^ Esemu SN, Ndip LM, Ndip RN. Ehrlichia species, probable emerging human pathogens in sub-Saharan Africa: environmental exacerbation. Reviews on Environmental Health. 2011-01-01, 26 (4): 269–79. PMID 22435325. doi:10.1515/REVEH.2011.034.
- Dumler JS, Barbet AF, Bekker CP, Dasch GA, Palmer GH, Ray SC, et al. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. November 2001, 51 (Pt 6): 2145–2165. PMID 11760958. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-6-2145
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