質子化氧氣
| 質子化氧氣 | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC名 oxooxidanium | |
| 別名 | Hydroperoxy cation; Hydridodioxygen(1+); Dioxidenium; dioxidanylium |
| 識別 | |
| CAS號 | 71722-67-3 [1] |
| PubChem | 5460577 |
| ChemSpider | 4574078 |
| SMILES |
|
| Gmelin | 508 |
| ChEBI | 29793 |
| 性質 | |
| 化學式 | HO+ 2 |
| 摩爾質量 | 33.005 g·mol⁻¹ |
| 若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
質子化氧氣是一種離子，分子式為HO+
2。含氫物質燃燒時會生成這個離子。它存在於電離層，以及含有氧和氫的等離子體中。[2]在超強酸中，O2可能會先產生質子化氧氣，再將物質氧化。
質子化氧氣是氧氣的共軛酸。氧氣（O2）的質子親和能為4.4 eV。[3]
重要性
在檢測太空中的氧氣時，質子化氧氣很有幫助。由於地球大氣層充滿O2，人們在地上無法觀察到空間物體的光譜。然而，HO+
2應該更容易被發現。[4]
形成
- O+•
2 + H2 → HO+
2 + H•
- O2 + H+
3 → HO+
2 + H2
當原子氫在放電過程中產生，然後被氧氣迅速冷卻並在固體氖凝固時，它會產生幾種活性離子和分子，包括HO2（超氧化氫）、HOHOH−、H2O(HO)、HOHO−和HO+
2。[6]這個反應還會生成過氧化氫（H2O2）和四氧化氫（H2O4）。[7]
反應
已知存在氦絡合物（He–O2H+）。[8]
HO+
2可以與氫氣迅速反應：[9]
- HO+
2 + H2 → O2 + H+
3
HO+
2也會與氮氣和水反應：[9]
- HO+
2 + H2O → O2 + H3O+
相關化合物
質子化氧氣二聚體（HO+
4）的能量比質子化氧氣的低。[3]
參考文獻
- ^ HO2+. webbook.nist.gov. [2022-12-04]. （原始內容存檔於2021-10-19） （英語）.
- ^ Robbe, J.M.; Monnerville, M.; Chambaud, G.; Rosmus, P.; Knowles, P.J. Theoretical spectroscopic data of the HO+
2 ion. Chemical Physics. January 2000, 252 (1–2): 9–16. Bibcode:2000CP....252....9R. doi:10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00350-X. - ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Xavier, George D.; Bernal-Uruchurtu, Margarita I.; Hernández-Lamoneda, Ramón. Communication: study of O4H+: A tracer molecule in the interstellar medium?. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 28 August 2014, 141 (8): 081101. PMID 25172995. doi:10.1063/1.4894068.
- ^ Widicus Weaver, Susanna L.; Woon, David E.; Ruscic, Branko; McCall, Benjamin J. Is HO+
2 a Detectable Interstellar Molecule?. The Astrophysical Journal. 20 May 2009, 697 (1): 601–609. Bibcode:2009ApJ...697..601W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/601
.
- ^ Ajello, J. M. Formation of HO+
2 by reaction of metastable O+
2 ions with H2. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1974, 60 (4): 1211–1213. Bibcode:1974JChPh..60.1211A. doi:10.1063/1.1681184. - ^ Jacox, Marilyn E.; Thompson, Warren E. Infrared Spectra of Products of the Reaction of H Atoms with O2 Trapped in Solid Neon: HO2, HO+
2, HOHOH−, and H2O(HO). The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 24 December 2012, 117 (39): 9380–9390. PMID 23215001. doi:10.1021/jp310849s. - ^ Levanov, A. V.; Isaikina, O. Ya.; Antipenko, E. E.; Lunin, V. V. Mechanism of the formation of hydrogen tetroxide and peroxide via low-temperature interaction between hydrogen atoms and molecular oxygen. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 5 August 2014, 88 (9): 1488–1492. Bibcode:2014RJPCA..88.1488L. S2CID 97672680. doi:10.1134/S0036024414090222.
- ^ Kohguchi, Hiroshi; Jusko, Pavol; Yamada, Koichi M. T.; Schlemmer, Stephan; Asvany, Oskar. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of O2H+ in a cryogenic ion trap. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 14 April 2018, 148 (14): 144303. Bibcode:2018JChPh.148n4303K. PMID 29655341. doi:10.1063/1.5023633.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 Kluge, Lars; Gärtner, Sabrina; Brünken, Sandra; Asvany, Oskar; Gerlich, Dieter; Schlemmer, Stephan. Transfer of a proton between H2 and O2. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 13 November 2012, 370 (1978): 5041–5054. Bibcode:2012RSPTA.370.5041K. PMID 23028152. doi:10.1098/rsta.2012.0170 .
