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鼠尾草屬

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鼠尾草屬
一串紅Salvia splendens
科學分類 編輯
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
演化支 菊類植物 Asterids
目: 唇形目 Lamiales
科: 唇形科 Lamiaceae
亞科: 荊芥亞科 Nepetoideae
族: 薄荷族 Mentheae
屬: 鼠尾草屬 Salvia
L., 1753

參見正文

鼠尾草屬唇形科下最大的一個,包括大約1000植物[1],廣泛分布在全球各地的溫帶熱帶地區,既有草本也有灌木或亞灌木,大多數品種集中在亞洲[2]其中有許多品種可以入藥或作為觀賞花卉[3]

鼠尾草屬植物有明顯特點,其花萼鐘形,分為兩唇,上唇有三齒,下唇有二齒;花冠筒形,也分為兩唇,上唇完整,下唇有三裂,中裂最長;有兩個能育雄蕊和兩個退化的不育雄蕊;果實為小堅果

該屬植物槓桿狀雄蕊(lever-like stamen)結構與傳粉者形成了槓桿式背部傳粉(dorsal pollination)的互作機制[4]

屬名Salvia源於拉丁語salveo,意為「救助」,指本屬植物多供入藥。

主要品種

本屬包括以下物種:[5]

應用

鼠尾草屬的拉丁名稱來源與拉丁語的「治療」(salvare)一詞,在古代的地中海小亞細亞半島早已經應用其作為草藥。[9]其中丹參Salvia miltiorrhiza)是重要的中藥,而美洲印第安人也早已經知道用鼠尾草屬植物作為草藥,部分芳香品種還可以提取芳香油。[10][11][12][13]

參考文獻

  1. ^ Petra Wester; Regine Claßen-Bockhoff. Pollination Syndromes of New World Salvia Species with Special Reference to Bird Pollination. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2011, 98 (1): 101–155 [2015-04-07]. doi:10.3417/2007035. 
  2. ^ Kintzios, Spiridon E. 2000. Sage: the genus Salvia. Medicinal and aromatic plants--industrial profiles, v. 14. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. Page 27. ISBN 90-5823-005-8
  3. ^ Clebsch, Betsy, and Betsy Clebsch. 2003. The new book of salvias: sages for every garden. Portland, OR: Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-560-8
  4. ^ 鼠尾草花结构与传粉忠实性研究获进展. 科學網. 2011-03-16 [2011-03-16]. (原始內容存檔於2019-07-25). 
  5. ^ Salvia L.. GBIF. [2023-02-15]. (原始內容存檔於2022-12-08). 
  6. ^ Martha J. Martínez-Gordillo, Jesús Ricardo de Santiago Gómez and Itzi Fragoso-Martínez. 2023. Salvia ayecarrenoi (Lamiaceae), una nueva especie con estambres exsertosde Guerrero, México / Salvia ayecarrenoi (Lamiaceae), A New Species with exserted stamens from Guerrero, Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana. 130: e2232. DOI: 10.21829/abm130.2023.2232
  7. ^ Brenda Y. Bedolla-García, Sergio Zamudio and Hugo A. Castillo-Gómez. 2020. Salvia huastecana (Lamiaceae), A New Species from San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Zootaxa. 433(1); 1–8. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.433.1.1
  8. ^ 李曉娟,韓建萍,李建秀,等.基於葉綠體psbA-trnH基因間區序列鑑定山東丹參為新種[J].藥學學報, 2013, 48(8):7.DOI:CNKI:SUN:YXXB.0.2013-08-027.
  9. ^ Marushia, Robin, Salvia divinorum: The Botany, Ethnobotany, Biochemistry and Future of a Mexican Mint (PDF), Ethnobotany, June 2003 [2007-05-04], (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2003-09-03) 
  10. ^ Akhondzadeh, S; Noroozian, M; Mohammadi, M; Ohadinia, S; Jamshidi, Ah; Khani, M. Salvia officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a double blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. Feb 2003, 28 (1): 53–9. ISSN 0269-4727. PMID 12605619. 
  11. ^ Dos, Santos-Neto, Ll; De, Vilhena, Toledo, Ma; Medeiros-Souza, P; De, Souza, Ga. The use of herbal medicine in Alzheimer's disease-a systematic review (Free full text). Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. Dec 2006, 3 (4): 441–5. PMC 1697739可免費查閱. PMID 17173107. doi:10.1093/ecam/nel071. [永久失效連結]
  12. ^ Perry, Ek; Pickering, At; Wang, Ww; Houghton, P; Perry, Ns. Medicinal plants and Alzheimer's disease: Integrating ethnobotanical and contemporary scientific evidence. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.). Winter 1998, 4 (4): 419–28. ISSN 1075-5535. PMID 9884179. 
  13. ^ Iuvone, T; De, Filippis, D; Esposito, G; D'Amico, A; Izzo, Aa. The spice sage and its active ingredient rosmarinic acid protect PC12 cells from amyloid-beta peptide-induced neurotoxicity (Free full text). The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. Jun 2006, 317 (3): 1143–9. PMID 16495207. doi:10.1124/jpet.105.099317. 
  • A Book of Salvias: Sages for Every Garden by Betsy Clebsch, Timber Press, 1997, ISBN 0-88192-369-9. An excellent reference on salvias. Also, an updated (2004 edition) is available.
  • Akhondzadeh S, Noroozian M, Mohammadi M. R. 2003, Salvia Officinalis extract in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: A double blind and placebo-controlled trial. British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 140, p22P-22P, 1/2p

外部連結