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ENCODE

維基百科，自由的百科全書
ENCODE
內容
相關信息
研究中心斯坦福大學
實驗室
  • 聖塔克魯茲加利福尼亞大學（2003-2012）
  • 斯坦福大學（2007年至今）
創始人Brian J Raney[1]
發布日期2010年
訪問入口
網站encodeproject.org
工具
其他

DNA元件百科全書（英語：Encyclopedia of DNA Elements，簡稱為ENCODE項目）是一個由美國國家人類基因組研究所(NHGRI)在2003年9月發起的一項公共聯合研究項目[2]，旨在找出人類基因組中所有功能組件[1][3][4][5]。

這是既完成人類基因組計劃後國家人類基因組研究所開始的最重要的項目之一。

所有在該項目中產生的數據都會被迅速的在公共數據庫中公開。

ENCOD項目

ENCODE分三個階段實施：試驗階段，技術發展階段，和生產階段。

ENCODE一期項目：試驗項目

試驗項目測試和比較現有方法進行嚴格分析一個所定義的人類基因組序列的一部分。

ENCODE二期項目：生產階段項目

ENCODE數據的圖像，在UCSC Genome Browser（英語：UCSC Genome Browser）。 This shows several tracks containing information on gene regulation. The gene on the left (ATP2B4) is transcribed in a wide variety of cells. The gene on the right is only transcribed in a few types of cells, including embryonic stem cells.

2007年9月，國家人類基因組研究所（NHGRI）開始了ENCODE項目生產階段的撥款。在這個階段，目標是分析整個基因組，並進行「額外中試規模研究」[6]。

作為試點項目，生產工作被組織作為一個開放的聯盟。 2007年10月，國家人類基因組研究所（NHGRI）在四年期間獲撥款總額超過$8000萬美元[7]。生產階段還包括一個數據協調中心，數據分析中心，和技術開發工作[8]。當時該項目發展成為一個真正的全球性企業，涉及來自世界各地的32個實驗室的440名科學家。

生產階段結果

2012年9月5日，該項目的初步結果被整理為30篇論文並同時發表於多個刊物，包括6篇論文在《自然》、6篇論文在《基因組生物學》及18篇論文在《基因組研究》上[9][10]。

最引人注目的發現是，人類DNA有生物活性的分數大於以前估計中即使是最樂觀的估計還要高得多。這些發表的論文顯示人類基因組內的非編碼DNA至少80%是有生物活性的，而非像之前認為的僅僅是「垃圾」。這個結果非常重要，因為人類基因組中98%的DNA是非編碼的，意味着它們並不直接編碼任何蛋白質序列。

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Raney BJ, Cline MS, Rosenbloom KR, Dreszer TR, Learned K, Barber GP, Meyer LR, Sloan CA, Malladi VS, Roskin KM, Suh BB, Hinrichs AS, Clawson H, Zweig AS, Kirkup V, Fujita PA, Rhead B, Smith KE, Pohl A, Kuhn RM, Karolchik D, Haussler D, Kent, WJ. ENCODE whole-genome data in the UCSC genome browser (2011 update). Nucleic Acids Res. January 2011, 39 (Database issue): D871–5. PMC 3013645 可免費查閱. PMID 21037257. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1017. 
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外部連結

取自「https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ENCODE&oldid=80031367」