抗解澱粉
抗解澱粉(英語:Resistant starch,簡稱RS),亦稱抗性澱粉,為無法被健康的小腸所消化吸收的澱粉[1][2],抗解澱粉存在於天然食物中,亦可作為食品添加物加入食物中[3]。
分類
分為第一型、第二型、第三型及第四型。[4]
- 第一型(RS1),由於物理構造無法被分解,例如研磨不完整使穀粉顆粒太大,導致消化道中的澱粉酶無法有效與澱粉反應,經過咀嚼或更完整的研磨可在小腸中分解。
- 第二型(RS2),澱粉顆粒有特定形式不被酵素分解。
- 第三型(RS3),回凝澱粉,普通澱粉糊化後經過低溫重新回凝,重新排列的澱粉不易在小腸中分解。
- 第四型(RS4),化學修飾澱粉,單醣分子不同於一般澱粉以α-(1-4)或α-(1-6)連結。
第一型、第二型及第三型抗解澱粉(RS1、RS2、RS3)可被大腸中的微生物群(Microbiota)分解成短鏈脂肪酸[5]
參考來源
- ^ Topping, D. L.; Fukushima, M.; Bird, A. R. (2003). "Resistant starch as a prebiotic and synbiotic: state of the art". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 62: 171–176. doi:10.1079/PNS2002224.
- ^ Asp NG. (1992). "Resistant starch. Proceedings from the second plenary meeting of EURESTA: European FLAIR Concerted Action No. 11 on physiological implications of the consumption of resistant starch in man. Crete, 29 May-2 June 1991". European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 46 (Suppl 2): S1–148. PMID 1425538.
- ^ National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (2005). Chapter 7 Dietary, Functional, and Total Fiber in Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein and Amino Acids (PDF). Washington DC, USA: National Academies Press. pp. 339–421. ISBN 0-309-08525-X.
- ^ Resistant Starch–A Review Authors M.G. Sajilata, Rekha S. Singhal, Pushpa R. Kulkarni First published: January 2006
- ^ Brouns, Fred; Kettitz, Bernd; Arrigoni, Eva (2002). "Resistant starch and "the butyrate revolution"". Trends in Food Science & Technology. 13 (8): 251–261. doi:10.1016/S0924-2244(02)00131-0.