巴斯曼司法
巴斯曼司法(俄語:Басманное правосудие)是一個用來表述2000年代出現的俄羅斯司法制度的術語,其特徵是司法決定順應當權者利益,缺乏獨立性,因此與法治背道而馳。[1][2][3][4]該說法來自莫斯科市巴斯曼區的巴斯曼區法院,該法院曾做出爭議性判決,引發多方對俄羅斯司法體系的批評。其中包括米哈伊爾·鮑里索維奇·霍多爾科夫斯基一案。[1][5][6][7][8]
參考資料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Dushenko, Konstantin. Словарь современных цитат: 5200 цитат и выражений ХХ и ХХI вв., их источники, авторы, датировка [Dictionary of modern quotations: 5200 quotations and expressions of the XX and XXI centuries, their sources, authors, dating]. Eksmo. 2006: 592 [2021-04-19]. ISBN 978-5-699-17691-5. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-19) (俄語).
- ^ Basmanny Justice. The Wall Street Journal. 2005-06-01 [2021-03-22]. ISSN 0099-9660. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-21).
- ^ Orlov, Sergey. ‘Basmanny justice’. khodorkovsky.com. 2016-05-26 [2021-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-22).
- ^ How “Basmanny Justice” defeated the Basmanny Court. Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group. 2007-12-25 [2021-03-22]. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-21).
- ^ Tsechoev, Valery. История суда России: учеб. пособие [History of the Russian court: a tutorial]. Prospekt. 2010: 8 [2021-04-19]. ISBN 978-5-392-01166-7. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-19) (俄語).
- ^ Petrukhin, Igor. Оправдательный приговор и право на реабилитацию: монография [Not guilty verdict and the right to rehabilitation: monograph]. Prospekt. 2009: 69 [2021-04-19]. ISBN 978-5-392-00508-6. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-19) (俄語).
- ^ Sakwa, Richard. The Quality of Freedom: Khodorkovsky, Putin, and the Yukos Affair. Oxford University Press. 2009 [2021-04-19]. ISBN 978-0-19-921157-9. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-19).
- ^ Sakwa, Richard. The Crisis of Russian Democracy: The Dual State, Factionalism and the Medvedev Succession. Cambridge University Press. 2010-12-16: 44 [2021-04-19]. ISBN 978-1-139-49491-5. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-19).