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馬扎爾人征服喀爾巴阡盆地

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馬扎爾人征服喀爾巴阡盆地

馬扎爾人征服喀爾巴阡盆地[1]是人們對一系列歷史事件的統稱，這一系列事件以馬扎爾人於九世紀末十世紀初定居於中歐而告終。在馬扎爾人到來前，三支中世紀早期勢力——保加利亞第一帝國（681-1018年）、東法蘭克王國（843-962年）和大大摩拉維亞公國（833-約907年）——曾為控制喀爾巴阡盆地而混戰。三支勢力都曾僱傭過馬扎爾騎手為士兵。因此，居住在喀爾巴阡山脈以東的東歐大草原上的馬扎爾人便漸漸熟悉了喀爾巴阡盆地這片未來的家園領土。

馬扎爾人的征服始於民族大遷徙的背景下。馬扎爾人有計劃地佔領了喀爾巴阡盆地[1]。馬扎爾人首先控制住了多瑙河以東的匈牙利大平原，之後又在900年襲擊並佔領了潘諾尼亞（多瑙河以西的地區）。接着，他們趁大摩拉維亞公國爆發內亂，在902-906年間吞併了該國領土。

907年7月4日，馬扎爾人在普雷斯堡戰役（英語：Battle of Pressburg）中擊敗巴伐利亞公國軍隊，鞏固了對喀爾巴阡盆地的控制。899至955年間，馬扎爾人對西歐發動了一系列軍事行動；還在943至971年間攻打過東羅馬帝國的領土。但他們最終還是逐漸在喀爾巴阡盆地安居下來，在1000年左右建立了基督教君主制政權——匈牙利王國。

參考文獻

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Kontler 1999，第42頁.

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二手來源

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