电脑装置带宽列表
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这是一个电脑装置带宽列表,列出一般电脑装置的信道容量,即转输数据的(理论上)最高转送速度,以千位元每秒(kbit/s/kbps)、百万位元每秒(Mbit/s/Mbps)、十亿位元每秒(Gbit/s/Gbps)或兆位元每秒(Tbit/s/Tbps)表示。以下每按装置的功能分组,按信道容量由小至大排列。
为方便非技术人员比较带宽的大小,每类带宽都有一个公用单位,例如电话带宽为 1.2 kbit/s,其中一种旧式调制解调器的带宽为 56 kbit/s。使用位元每秒(bit/sec)或字节每秒(Byte/sec)则视乎一般人惯用哪一个。惯用的单位在列表中以粗体表示。一般来说,并行通讯接口用位元每秒(bit/sec),串行通讯则用字节每秒(Byte/sec)。至于类似调制解调器的装置中,基于用作分隔每一字节(Byte)的 和 Stop bit,一字节可能含有超过八个位元(bit),以下的列表已经有考虑这一点。而如果有像以太网、SATA,与PCI Express等使用到调变技术的通道,列出的带宽速度则是表示调变后的信号速度。
很多以下的数据只是例出理论上最快的发送速度,有很多的因素都会令发送速度减低。同时以下数据只表示半双工发送速度,可能与生产商声称的全双工度有所出入。
附注:以下所有数据单位以公制(以10为基数)表示:
- 1 Bytes = 8 bits
- 1 kbit = 1,000 bits
- 1 kB = 1,000 Bytes
- 1 MB = 1,000,000 Bytes
- 1 GB = 1,000,000,000 Bytes
- 1 TB = 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes
- 1 PB = 1,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes
- 1 EB = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes
- 1 ZB = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes
- 1 YB = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes
如此类推。
电传打印机或是听障人使用的通讯装置
名称 | 最高速度 | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
TTY (V.18) | 45.4545 bit/s | 6 characters/s[1] | |
TTY (V.18) | bit/s 50 | 6.6 characters/s | |
NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning | kbit/s 1 | ~100 characters/s |
调制解调器/家用网络连线
需要注意的是这些数据是理论上能提供的最高速度,而实际上会因为像噪声干扰等因素而会比较慢一些。[2]如果有出现两个带宽,前者表示下载带宽,后者则是表示上传带宽。
窄带
名称 | 最高速率(位元) | 最高速率(字节/s) | 推出年分 |
---|---|---|---|
摩斯电码 | kbit/s 0.021 [3] | characters per second ( 4 wpm) ~40 [4] | 1844 |
110 鲍率调制解调器 (Bell 101) | 0.11 kbit/s | kB/s (~10 cps) 0.010 [5] | 1959 |
300 调制解调器 (300 鲍率; Bell 103 or V.21) | 0.3 kbit/s | kB/s (~30 cps) 0.03 [5] | 1962[6] |
1200 调制解调器 (600 鲍率; Bell 212A or V.22) | 1.2 kbit/s | kB/s (~120 cps) 0.12 [5] | 1976 |
1200/75 调制解调器 (600 鲍率; V.23) | 1.2/0.075kbit/s | 0.12/0.0075kB/s (~120 cps)[5] | 1988[7] |
2400 调制解调器 (600 鲍率; V.22bis) | 2.4 kbit/s | kB/s 0.3 [5] | 1988[7] |
4800 调制解调器 (1600 鲍率; V.27ter) | 4.8 kbit/s | kB/s 0.6 [5] | 1988[7] |
9600 调制解调器 (2400 鲍率; V.32) | 9.6 kbit/s | kB/s 1.2 [5] | 1989[6] |
14.4 调制解调器 (2400 鲍率; V.32bis) | 14.4 kbit/s | kB/s 1.8 [5] | 1991[6] |
28.8 调制解调器 (3200 鲍率; V.34-1994) | 28.8 kbit/s | kB/s 3.6 [5] | 1994 |
33.6 调制解调器 (3429 鲍率; V.34-1996/98) | 33.6 kbit/s | kB/s 4.2 [5] | 1996[7] |
56k 调制解调器 (8000/3429 鲍率; V.90) | 56.0/33.6kbit/s[8] | 7/4.2kB/s | 1998 |
56k 调制解调器 (8000/8000 鲍率; V.92) | 56.0/48.0kbit/s[8] | 7/6kB/s | 2001 |
可变硬件压缩 (variable; V.92/V.44) | 56.0–320.0kbit/s[8] | 7–40kB/s | 2000[7] |
ISP-side text/image compression (variable) | 56.0–1000.0kbit/s | 7–125kB/s | 1998[7] |
ISDN 基本速率接口 (单/双 通道) | 64/128kbit/s[9] | 8/16kB/s | 1986[10] |
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels) | kbit/s 144 | kB/s 18 | 2000[11] |
宽频
名称 | 最高速率(位元) | 最高速率(字节) | 推出年分 |
---|---|---|---|
HDSL ITU G.991.1 a.k.a. DS1 | kbit/s 1544 | kB/s 193 | 1998[12] |
MSDSL | 2000 kbit/s | kB/s 250 | ? |
SDSL | 2320 kbit/s | kB/s 290 | ? |
SHDSL ITU G.991.2 | 5690 kbit/s | kB/s 711 | 2001 |
ADSL (G.lite) | 1536/512kbit/s | 192/64kB/s | 1998 |
ADSL (G.dmt) ITU G.992.1 | 8192/1024kbit/s | 1024/128kB/s | 1999 |
ADSL2 ITU G.992.3 | 12288/1440kbit/s | 1536/180kB/s | 2002 |
ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5 | 24576/3584kbit/s | 3072/448kB/s | 2003 |
DOCSIS v1.0[13] (cable modem) | 38/9Mbit/s | 4750/1125kB/s | 1997 |
DOCSIS v2.0[14] (cable modem) | 38/27Mbit/s | 4750/3375kB/s | 2001 |
VDSL ITU G.993.1 | 52 Mbit/s | kB/s 7000 | 2001 |
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 | 100 Mbit/s | 500 kB/s 12 | 2006 |
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 Amendment 1 (11/15) | 300 Mbit/s | 500 kB/s 12 | 2015 |
G.fast ITU G.9700 | 1000 Mbit/s | 000 kB/s 125 | 2014 |
DOCSIS v3.0[15] (cable modem) | 160/120Mbit/s | 20000/15000kB/s (~200,000,000 wpm) | 2006 |
Uni-DSL | 200 Mbit/s | 000 kB/s 25 | 2006 |
BPON (G.983) fiber optic service | 622/155Mbit/s | 77700/19300kB/s | 2005[16] |
EPON (802.3ah) fiber optic service | 1000/1000Mbit/s | 125000/125000kB/s | 2008 |
DOCSIS v3.1[17] (cable modem) | 10000/150Mbit/s | 1250000/18750kB/s | 2015 |
GPON (G.984) 光纤服务 | 2488/1244Mbit/s | 311000/155500kB/s (~3 billion+ wpm) | 2008[18] |
10G-PON (G.987) 光纤服务 | 10000/2500Mbit/s | 1250000/312500kB/s (billion+ wpm) ~12 | 2012[19] |
移动式电话接口
这些数据是理论上能提供的最高速度,而实际上会因为像噪声干扰等因素而会比较慢一些。如果有出现两个带宽,前者表示下载带宽,后者则是表示上传带宽。
名称 | 下载速率(位元/字节) | 上传速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GSM CSD (2G) | kbit/s 14.4 [20] | kB/s 1.8 | 14.4 kbit/s | kB/s 1.8 | |
HSCSD | 57.6 kbit/s | kB/s 5.4 | 14.4 kbit/s | kB/s 1.8 | |
GPRS (2.5G) | 57.6 kbit/s | kB/s 7.2 | 28.8 kbit/s | kB/s 3.6 | |
WiDEN | 100 kbit/s | kB/s 12.5 | 100 kbit/s | kB/s 12.5 | |
CDMA2000 1×RTT | 153 kbit/s | kB/s 18 | 153 kbit/s | kB/s 18 | |
EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS) | 236.8 kbit/s | kB/s 29.6 | 236.8 kbit/s | kB/s 29.6 | 2002 |
UMTS 3G | 384 kbit/s | kB/s 48 | 384 kbit/s | kB/s 48 | |
EDGE (type 2 MS) | 473.6 kbit/s | kB/s 59.2 | 473.6 kbit/s | kB/s 59.2 | |
EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS) | 1184 kbit/s | kB/s 148 | 474 kbit/s | kB/s 59 | |
EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS) | 1894 kbit/s | kB/s 237 | 947 kbit/s | kB/s 118 | |
1×EV-DO rev. 0 | 2457 kbit/s | kB/s 307.2 | 153 kbit/s | kB/s 19 | |
1×EV-DO rev. A | 3.1 Mbit/s | kB/s 397 | 1.8 Mbit/s | kB/s 230 | |
1×EV-DO rev. B | 14.7 Mbit/s | kB/s 1837 | 5.4 Mbit/s | kB/s 675 | |
HSPA (3.5G) | 13.98 Mbit/s | kB/s 1706 | 5.760 Mbit/s | kB/s 720 | |
4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 多输入多输出) | 34.4 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.3 | 12.4 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.55 | |
HSPA+ (2×2 多输入多输出) | 42 Mbit/s | MB/s 5.25 | 11.5 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.437 | |
15×EV-DO rev. B | 73.5 Mbit/s | MB/s 9.2 | 27 Mbit/s | MB/s 3.375 | |
UMB (2×2 多输入多输出) | 140 Mbit/s | MB/s 17.5 | 34 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.250 | |
LTE (2×2 多输入多输出) | 173 Mbit/s | MB/s 21.625 | 58 Mbit/s | MB/s 7.25 | 2004 |
UMB (4×4 多输入多输出) | 280 Mbit/s | MB/s 35 | 68 Mbit/s | MB/s 8.5 | |
EV-DO rev. C | 280 Mbit/s | MB/s 35 | 75 Mbit/s | MB/s 9 | |
LTE (4×4 多输入多输出) | Mbit/s 326 | MB/s 40.750 | 86 Mbit/s | MB/s 10.750 |
广域网
这些数据是理论上能提供的最高速度,而实际上会因为像噪声干扰等因素而会比较慢一些。如果有出现两个带宽,前者表示下载带宽,后者则是表示上传带宽。
名称 | 传输速率(位元/字节) | 推出年份 | |
---|---|---|---|
DS0 | Mbit/s 0.064 | MB/s 0.008 | |
G.lite (a.k.a. ADSL Lite) | 1.536/0.512Mbit/s | 0.192/0.064MB/s | |
DS1 / T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) | 1.544 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.192 | |
E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) | 2.048 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.256 | |
G.SHDSL | 2.304 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.288 | |
LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional) | 4 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.512 | |
SDSL[21] | 2.32 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.29 | |
T2 | 6.312 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.789 | |
ADSL[22] | 8.0/1.024Mbit/s | 1.0/0.128MB/s | |
E2 | 8.448 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.056 | |
ADSL2 | 12/3.5Mbit/s | 1.5/0.448MB/s | |
Satellite Internet[23] | 16/1Mbit/s | 2.0/0.128MB/s | |
ADSL2+ | 24/3.5Mbit/s | 3.0/0.448MB/s | |
E3 | 34.368 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.296 | |
DOCSIS v1.0 (cable modem)[13] | 38/9Mbit/s | 4.75/1.125MB/s | |
DOCSIS v2.0 (cable modem)[14] | 38/27Mbit/s | 4.75/3.37MB/s | |
DS3 / T3 ('45 Meg') | 44.736 Mbit/s | MB/s 5.5925 | |
STS-1 / OC-1 / STM-0 | 51.84 Mbit/s | MB/s 6.48 | |
VDSL (symmetry optional) | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
OC-3 / STM-1 | 155.52 Mbit/s | MB/s 19.44 | |
DOCSIS v3.0 (cable modem)[24] | 222.48/171.52Mbit/s | 27.81/21.44MB/s | |
VDSL2 (symmetry optional) | 250 Mbit/s | MB/s 31.25 | |
T4 | 274.176 Mbit/s | MB/s 34.272 | |
T5 | 400.352 Mbit/s | MB/s 50.044 | |
OC-9 | 466.56 Mbit/s | MB/s 58.32 | |
OC-12 / STM-4 | 622.08 Mbit/s | MB/s 77.76 | |
OC-18 | 933.12 Mbit/s | MB/s 116.64 | |
OC-24 | 1.244 Gbit/s | MB/s 155.5 | |
OC-36 | 1.900 Gbit/s | MB/s 237.5 | |
OC-48 / STM-16 | 2.488 Gbit/s | MB/s 311.04 | |
OC-96 | 4.976 Gbit/s | MB/s 622.08 | |
OC-192 / STM-64 | 9.953 Gbit/s | 125 GB/s 1.244 | |
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY | 9.953 Gbit/s | 125 GB/s 1.244 | |
10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN PHY | 10.000 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
OC-256 | 13.271 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.659 | |
OC-768 / STM-256 | 39.813 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.976 | |
OC-1536 / STM-512 | 79.626 Gbit/s | GB/s 9.953 | |
OC-3072 / STM-1024 | Gbit/s 159.252 | 19.907GB/s |
局域网
由于标头与其他因素,承载资料的吞吐量是小于实际资料传输量,所以不要将速度与实际资料传输率混为一谈。“通常实际速度会因为当前流量而降至 1/3-2/3 的速度。而且,如果发生任何传输问题而使得物理层发生重新发送的状况时,吞吐量也会因而受影响。”[25]
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
LocalTalk | kbit/s 230 | kB/s 28.8 | 1988 |
Econet | 800 kbit/s | kB/s 100 | 1981 |
Omninet | 1 Mbit/s | kB/s 125 | |
IBM PC Network | 2 Mbit/s | kB/s 250 | 1985 |
ARCNET (Standard) | 2.5 Mbit/s | kB/s 312.5 | 1977 |
Chaosnet (Original) | 4 Mbit/s | 3.0 Mbit/s | 1971 |
Token Ring (Original) | 4 Mbit/s | kB/s 500 | 1985 |
Ethernet (10BASE-X) | 10 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.25 | 1980 (1985 IEEE Standard) |
Token Ring (Later) | 16 Mbit/s | MB/s 2 | 1989 |
ARCnet Plus | 20 Mbit/s | MB/s 2.5 | 1992 |
TNCS | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | 1993? |
100VG | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | 1995 |
Token Ring IEEE 802.5t | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X) | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | 1995 |
FDDI | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
MoCA 1.0[26] | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
MoCA 1.1[26] | 175 Mbit/s | MB/s 21.875 | |
HomePlug AV | 200 Mbit/s | MB/s 25 | 2005 |
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400[27][28] | 400 Mbit/s | MB/s 50 | 1995 |
HIPPI | 800 Mbit/s | MB/s 100 | |
IEEE 1901 | 1000 Mbit/s | MB/s 125 | 2010 |
Token Ring IEEE 802.5v | 1 Gbit/s | MB/s 125 | 2001 |
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X) | 1 Gbit/s | MB/s 125 | 1998 |
Reflective memory or RFM2 (1.25 µs latency) | 2 Gbit/s | MB/s 235 | 1970 |
Myrinet 2000 | 2 Gbit/s | MB/s 250 | |
Infiniband SDR 1×[29] | 2 Gbit/s | MB/s 250 | 2001 |
RapidIO Gen1 1× | 2.5 Gbit/s | MB/s 312.5 | 2000 |
Quadrics QsNetI | 3.6 Gbit/s | MB/s 450 | |
Infiniband DDR 1×[29] | 4 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 | 2005 |
RapidIO Gen2 1× | 5 Gbit/s | MB/s 625 | 2008 |
Infiniband QDR 1×[29] | 8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 | 2007 |
Infiniband SDR 4×[29] | 8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 | |
Quadrics QsNetII | 8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 | |
RapidIO Gen1 4x | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
RapidIO Gen2 2x | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | 2008 |
10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X) | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | 2002-2006 |
Myri 10G | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
Infiniband FDR-10 1×[30] | 10.31 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.29 | |
NUMAlink 3 | 12.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.6 | 2004 |
Infiniband FDR 1×[30] | 13.64 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.7 | 2011 |
Infiniband DDR 4×[29] | 16 Gbit/s | GB/s 2 | 2005 |
RapidIO Gen2 4x | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.5 | 2008 |
Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.5 | |
Infiniband SDR 12×[29] | 24 Gbit/s | GB/s 3 | |
RapidIO Gen4 1× | 24.63 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.079 | 2016 |
Infiniband EDR 1×[30] | 25 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.125 | 2014 |
25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE) | 25 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.125 | 2016 |
NUMAlink 4 | 25.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.2 | 2004 |
Infiniband QDR 4×[29] | 32 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 | 2007 |
RapidIO Gen2 8x | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | 2008 |
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) 4× | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | 2010 |
Infiniband FDR-10 4×[30] | 41.25 Gbit/s | GB/s 5.16 | |
Infiniband DDR 12×[29] | 48 Gbit/s | GB/s 6 | 2005 |
NUMAlink 6 | 53.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 6.7 | 2012 |
Infiniband FDR 4×[30] | 54.54 Gbit/s | GB/s 6.82 | 2011 |
RapidIO Gen2 16× | 80 Gbit/s | GB/s 10 | 2008 |
Infiniband QDR 12×[29] | 96 Gbit/s | GB/s 12 | 2007 |
Infiniband EDR 4×[30] | 100 Gbit/s | GB/s 12.5 | 2014 |
100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GBASE-X) 10×/4× | 100 Gbit/s | GB/s 12.5 | 2010/2018 |
Omni-Path | 100 Gbit/s | GB/s 12.5 | 2015 |
Infiniband FDR-10 12×[30] | 123.75 Gbit/s | GB/s 15.47 | |
NUMAlink 7 | 159.52 Gbit/s | GB/s 19.94 | 2014 |
Infiniband FDR 12×[30] | 163.64 Gbit/s | GB/s 20.45 | 2011 |
Infiniband EDR 12×[30] | Gbit/s 300 | GB/s 37.5 | 2014 |
无线网络
802.11 都是半双工形式的网络。在接入点模式,所有的承载资料都要经过 AP。当两台电脑要用同一台 AP 相互通讯时,所有的承载资料都要二次传输:第一次从发出者到 AP,再来从 AP 发送到接收者,这将使实际带宽折半。
标准 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
Classic WaveLAN | Mbit/s 2 | kB/s 250 | 1988 |
IEEE 802.11 | 2 Mbit/s | kB/s 250 | 1997 |
RONJA (full duplex) | 10 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.25 | 2001 |
IEEE 802.11a | 54 Mbit/s | MB/s 6.75 | 1999 |
IEEE 802.11b | 11 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.375 | 1999 |
IEEE 802.11g | 54 Mbit/s | MB/s 6.75 | 2003 |
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) | 70 Mbit/s | MB/s 8.75 | 2004 |
IEEE 802.11g with Super G by Atheros | 108 Mbit/s | MB/s 13.5 | 2003 |
IEEE 802.11g with 125 High Speed Mode by Broadcom | 125 Mbit/s | MB/s 15.625 | 2003 |
IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant | 140 Mbit/s | MB/s 17.5 | 2003 |
IEEE 802.11n | 600 Mbit/s | MB/s 75 | 2009 |
IEEE 802.11ac (maximum theoretical speed) | 6.8–6.93Gbit/s | 850–866.25MB/s | 2012 |
IEEE 802.11ad (maximum theoretical speed) | 7.14–7.2Gbit/s | 892.5–900MB/s | 2011 |
IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6) | Gbit/s 11 | MB/s 1375 | 2019 |
无线装置连线
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
ANT | kbit/s 20 | kB/s 2.5 | |
IrDA-Control | 72 kbit/s | kB/s 9 | |
IrDA-SIR | 115.2 kbit/s | kB/s 14 | |
802.15.4 (2.4 GHz) | 250 kbit/s | kB/s 31.25 | |
Bluetooth 1.1 | 1 Mbit/s | kB/s 125 | 2002 |
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR | 3 Mbit/s | kB/s 375 | 2004 |
IrDA-FIR | 4 Mbit/s | kB/s 500 | |
IrDA-VFIR | 16 Mbit/s | MB/s 2 | |
Bluetooth 3.0 | 25 Mbit/s | MB/s 3.125 | 2009 |
Bluetooth 4.0 | 25 Mbit/s | MB/s 3.125 | 2010 |
Bluetooth 4.1 | Mbit/s | MB/s | 2013 |
Bluetooth 4.2 | Mbit/s | MB/s | 2014 |
Bluetooth 5.0 | 50 Mbit/s | MB/s 6.25 | 2016 |
IrDA-UFIR | 96 Mbit/s | MB/s 12 | |
WUSB-UWB | 480 Mbit/s | MB/s 60 | |
IrDA-Giga-IR | Mbit/s 1024 | MB/s 128 |
电脑总线
名称 | 传输速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
I²C | Mbit/s 3.4 | kB/s 425 | 1992 |
Apple II series (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz | 8 Mbit/s | MB/s 1 [31][32] | 1977 |
SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1(?) MHz | 8 Mbit/s | MB/s 1 | |
STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz | 16 Mbit/s | MB/s 2 | |
ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz | 19.1 Mbit/s | MB/s 2.39 | 1981 |
STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz | 32 Mbit/s | MB/s 4 | |
Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz[33] | 42.4 Mbit/s | MB/s 5.3 | 1986 |
ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz | 66.7 Mbit/s | MB/s 8.33 | 1984 |
Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz | 66.7 Mbit/s | MB/s 8.33 | 1977 |
S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz | 80 Mbit/s | MB/s 10 | 1976 |
Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (Up to 100 MHz) | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | 1989 |
Low Pin Count | 125 Mbit/s | MB/s 15.63 [x] | 2002 |
STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz | 128 Mbit/s | MB/s 16 | 1987 |
C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz | 160 Mbit/s | MB/s 20 [34] | 1982 |
HP Precision Bus | 184 Mbit/s | MB/s 23 | |
STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | MB/s 32 [35] | |
NESA 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | MB/s 32 | |
EISA 8-16-32bit/8.33 MHz | 266.56 Mbit/s | MB/s 33.32 | 1988 |
VME64 32-64bit | 400 Mbit/s | MB/s 40 | 1981 |
NuBus 10 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | MB/s 40 | 1987 |
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | MB/s 50 | |
MCA 16-32bit/10 MHz | 660 Mbit/s | MB/s 66 | 1987 |
NuBus90 20 MHz | Mbit/s 800 | MB/s 80 | 1991 |
APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz | 800 Mbit/s | MB/s 100 [36] | |
Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | MB/s 100 | 1989 |
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | MB/s 100 | |
Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz | 1056 Mbit/s | MB/s 132 | |
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | MB/s 133.33 | 1992 |
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | MB/s 133.33 | 1993 |
HP GSC-1X | 1136 Mbit/s | MB/s 142 | |
Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)[37][38] | 1200 Mbit/s | MB/s 150 [39] | 1990 |
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz | 1280 Mbit/s | MB/s 160 | 1992 |
Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz | 1.6 Gbit/s | MB/s 200 | 1995 |
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)[40] | 2.5 Gbit/s | MB/s 250 [z] | 2004 |
HP GSC-2X | 2.048 Gbit/s | MB/s 256 | |
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz | 2.133 Gbit/s | MB/s 266.7 | 1993 |
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz | 2.133 Gbit/s | MB/s 266.7 | 1995 |
AGP 1× | 2.133 Gbit/s | MB/s 266.7 | 1997 |
RapidIO Gen1 1× | 2.5 Gbit/s | MB/s 312.5 | |
HIO bus | 2.560 Gbit/s | MB/s 320 | |
GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz | 2.560 Gbit/s | MB/s 320 | |
PCI Express 1.0 (×2 link)[40] | 5 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 [z] | 2011 |
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)[41] | 5 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 [z] | 2007 |
AGP 2× | 4.266 Gbit/s | MB/s 533.3 | 1997 |
PCI 64-bit/66 MHz | 4.266 Gbit/s | MB/s 533.3 | |
PCI-X DDR 16-bit | 4.266 Gbit/s | MB/s 533.3 | |
RapidIO Gen2 1× | 5 Gbit/s | MB/s 625 | |
PCI 64-bit/100 MHz | 6.4 Gbit/s | MB/s 800 | |
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)[42] | 8 Gbit/s | MB/s 984.6 [y] | 2011 |
Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link) | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 [z] | 2011 |
Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link) | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 [z] | 2004 |
Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI) | 8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 | |
PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)[40] | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 [z] | 2004 |
AGP 4× | 8.533 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.067 | 1998 |
PCI-X 133 | 8.533 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.067 | |
PCI-X QDR 16-bit | Gbit/s 8.533 | GB/s 1.067 | |
InfiniBand single 4×[29] | 8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1 | |
RapidIO Gen1 4× | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
RapidIO Gen2 2× | 10 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
UPA | 15.360 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.920 | |
Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0; ×4 link) | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2 [z] | 2012 |
Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0; ×4 link) | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2 [z] | 2011 |
PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)[40] | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2 [z] | 2004 |
PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)[41] | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2 [z] | 2007 |
AGP 8× | 17.066 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.133 | 2002 |
PCI-X DDR | 17.066 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.133 | |
RapidIO Gen2 4× | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.5 | |
Sun JBus (200 MHz) | 20.48 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.56 | 2003 |
HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair) | 25.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.2 | 2001 |
PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)[42] | 32 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.938 [y] | 2011 |
HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair) | 32 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 | |
PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)[40] | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 [z] | 2004 |
PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)[41] | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 [z] | 2007 |
PCI-X QDR | 34.133 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.266 | |
AGP 8× 64-bit | 34.133 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.266 | |
RapidIO Gen2 8x | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | |
Direct Media Interface 3.0 (DMI 3.0; ×4 link) | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 [z] | 2015 |
PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)[42] | 64 Gbit/s | GB/s 7.877 [y] | 2011 |
PCI Express 1.0 (×32 link)[40] | 80 Gbit/s | GB/s 8 [z] | 2001 |
PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)[41] | 80 Gbit/s | GB/s 8 [z] | 2007 |
RapidIO Gen2 16x | 80 Gbit/s | GB/s 10 | |
PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)[42] | 128 Gbit/s | GB/s 15.75 [y] | 2011 |
PCI Express 2.0 (×32 link)[41] | 160 Gbit/s | GB/s 16 [z] | 2007 |
QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz) | 153.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 19.2 | |
HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair) | 179.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 22.4 | 2004 |
QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz) | 187.52 Gbit/s | GB/s 23.44 | |
QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz) | 204.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 25.6 | |
QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz) | 230.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 28.8 | 2012 |
PCI Express 3.0 (×32 link)[42] | 256 Gbit/s | GB/s 31.51 [y] | 2011 |
QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz) | 256.0 Gbit/s | GB/s 32.0 | 2012 |
QPI (9.6GT/s, 4.8 GHz) | 307.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 38.4 | 2014 |
HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair) | 332.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 41.6 | 2006 |
HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair) | Gbit/s 409.6 | GB/s 51.2 | 2008 |
NVLink | Gbit/s 640 | GB/s 80 | 2016 |
NVLink 2.0 | Gbit/s 2400 | GB/s 300 | 2017 |
Infinity Fabric (512bit * 2s * 2666Mhz)[43] | 984 Tbit/s 2.729 | GB/s 341.248 | 2017 |
Infinity Fabric (Max theoretical) | Tbit/s 4.096 | GB/s 512 | 2017 |
手提电脑的外部总线
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode | 31.36 Mbit/s | MB/s 3.92 | |
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode | 62.72 Mbit/s | MB/s 7.84 | |
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode | 80 Mbit/s | MB/s 10 | |
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode | 160 Mbit/s | MB/s 20 | |
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode | 267 Mbit/s | MB/s 33.33 | |
ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode | 480 Mbit/s | MB/s 60 | |
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode | 533 Mbit/s | MB/s 66.66 | |
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode | 1067 Mbit/s | MB/s 133.33 | |
ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode | 2500 Mbit/s | MB/s 250 | |
ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode | 4800 Mbit/s | MB/s 600 | |
ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode | Mbit/s 5000 | MB/s 625 |
电脑存储装置
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
Teletype Model 33 paper tape (70 bit/s, 10 ASCII characters per second) | 070 Mbit/s 0.000 | 010 MB/s 0.000 | 1963 |
TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface (250 bit/s ) | 25 Mbit/s 0.000 | 032 MB/s 0.000 | 1977 |
Apple 2 cassette tape interface (1500 bit/s) | 0.0015 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.0002 | 1977 |
Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB) | 0.250 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.031 | 1973 |
Double Density 5.25-inch MFM Floppy Disk Controller (360 KB) | 0.500 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.062 | 1978 |
High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB) | 1.0 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.124 | 1984 |
CD Controller (1×) | 1.171 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.146 | 1988 |
MFM hard disk | 5 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.625 | 1980 |
RLL hard disk | 7.5 Mbit/s | MB/s 0.937 | |
DVD Controller (1×) | 11.1 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.32 | |
ESDI | 24 Mbit/s | MB/s 3 | |
ATA PIO Mode 0 | 26.4 Mbit/s | MB/s 3.3 | 1986 |
HD DVD Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.5 | |
Blu-ray Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.5 | |
SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)[44] | 40 Mbit/s | MB/s 5 | 1986 |
ATA PIO Mode 1 | 41.6 Mbit/s | MB/s 5.2 | 1994 |
ATA PIO Mode 2 | 66.4 Mbit/s | MB/s 8.3 | 1994 |
Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz) | 80 Mbit/s | MB/s 10 | |
ATA PIO Mode 3 | 88.8 Mbit/s | MB/s 11.1 | 1996 |
AoE over Fast Ethernet[45] | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 11.9 | 2009 |
iSCSI over Fast Ethernet[46] | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 11.9 | 2004 |
ATA PIO Mode 4 | 133.3 Mbit/s | MB/s 16.7 | 1996 |
Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | MB/s 20 | |
Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | MB/s 20 | |
Ultra DMA ATA 33 | 264 Mbit/s | MB/s 33 | 1998 |
Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | MB/s 40 | |
Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | MB/s 40 | |
Ultra DMA ATA 66 | 533.6 Mbit/s | MB/s 66.7 | 2000 |
Blu-ray Controller (16×) | 576 Mbit/s | MB/s 72 | |
Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz) | 640 Mbit/s | MB/s 80 | |
Serial Storage Architecture SSA | 640 Mbit/s | MB/s 80 | 1990 |
Ultra DMA ATA 100 | 800 Mbit/s | MB/s 100 | 2002 |
Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)[47] | 850 Mbit/s | MB/s 103.23 | 1997 |
AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames[48] | 1000 Mbit/s | MB/s 124.2 | 2009 |
iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames[49] | 1000 Mbit/s | MB/s 123.9 | 2004 |
Ultra DMA ATA 133 | 1064 Mbit/s | MB/s 133 | 2005 |
Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR) | 1280 Mbit/s | MB/s 160 | |
SATA revision 1.0[锚点失效][50] | 1500 Mbit/s | MB/s 150 [a] | 2003 |
Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)[47] | 1700 Mbit/s | MB/s 206.5 | 2001 |
Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR) | 2560 Mbit/s | MB/s 320 | |
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)[50] | 3000 Mbit/s | MB/s 300 [a] | 2004 |
SATA Revision 2.0[锚点失效][50] | 3000 Mbit/s | MB/s 300 [a] | 2004 |
Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)[47] | 3400 Mbit/s | MB/s 413 | 2004 |
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 2[50] | 6000 Mbit/s | MB/s 600 [a] | 2009 |
SATA Revision 3.0[锚点失效][50] | 6000 Mbit/s | MB/s 600 [a] | 2008 |
Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)[47] | 6800 Mbit/s | MB/s 826 | 2005 |
Fibre Channel 16GFC (14.025 GHz)[47] | 600 Mbit/s 13 | MB/s 1652 [b] | 2011 |
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 3[50] | 000 Mbit/s 12 | MB/s 1200 | 2013 |
AoE over 10GbE[48] | 000 Mbit/s 10 | MB/s 1242 | 2009 |
iSCSI over 10GbE[49] | 000 Mbit/s 10 | MB/s 1239 | 2004 |
FCoE over 10GbE[51] | 000 Mbit/s 10 | MB/s 1206 | 2009 |
SATA revision 3.2 - SATA Express | 000 Mbit/s 16 | MB/s 2000 | 2013 |
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 4 (preliminary specification) | 500 Mbit/s 22 | MB/s 2400 [c] | tba |
Fibre Channel 32GFC (28.05 GHz)[47] | 424 Mbit/s 26 | MB/s 3303 [b] | 2016 |
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 3.0 ×4 link)[42] | 000 Mbit/s 32 | MB/s 3938 | 2013 |
iSCSI over InfiniBand 4× | 000 Mbit/s 32 | MB/s 4000 | 2007 |
iSCSI over 100G Ethernet[49] | 000 Mbit/s 100 | 392 MB/s 12 | 2010 |
FCoE over 100G Ethernet[51] | 000 Mbit/s 100 | 064 MB/s 12 | 2010 |
电脑外部总线
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
Apple Desktop Bus | 10.0 kbit/s | kB/s 1.25 | 1986 |
PS/2 port | 12.0 kbit/s | kB/s 1.5 | 1987 |
Serial MIDI | 31.25 kbit/s | kB/s 3.9 | 1983 |
CBM Bus max[52][53] | kbit/s 41.6 | kB/s 5.1 | 1981 |
Serial RS-232 max | 230.4 kbit/s | kB/s 28.8 | 1962 |
Serial DMX512A | 250.0 kbit/s | kB/s 31.25 | 1998 |
Parallel (Centronics) | 1 Mbit/s | kB/s 125 | 1970 (standardised 1994) |
Serial 16550 UART max | 1.5 Mbit/s | kB/s 187.5 | |
USB 1.0 low speed | 1.536 Mbit/s | kB/s 192 | 1996 |
Serial UART max | 2.7648 Mbit/s | kB/s 345.6 | |
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max. | 8 Mbit/s | MB/s 1 | Late 1960s (standardised 1976) |
Serial EIA-422 max. | 10 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.25 | |
USB 1.0 full speed | 12 Mbit/s | MB/s 1.5 | 1996 |
Parallel (Centronics) EPP 2 MHz | 16 Mbit/s | MB/s 2 | 1992 |
Serial EIA-485 max. | 35 Mbit/s | MB/s 4.375 | |
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max. | 64 Mbit/s | MB/s 8 | |
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100 | 98.304 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.288 | 1995 |
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200 | 196.608 Mbit/s | MB/s 24.576 | 1995 |
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | 393.216 Mbit/s | MB/s 49.152 | 1995 |
USB 2.0 high speed | 480 Mbit/s | MB/s 60 | 2000 |
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800[54] | 786.432 Mbit/s | MB/s 98.304 | 2002 |
Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI | 062.5 Mbit/s 1 | MB/s 100 | |
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600[54] | 1.573 Gbit/s | MB/s 196.6 | 2007 |
Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI | 2125 Mbit/s | MB/s 200 | |
eSATA (SATA 300) | 3 Gbit/s | MB/s 300 | 2004 |
CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link) | + 3.125 Gbit/s 20.833 Mbit/s | MB/s 390 | 2009 |
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200[54] | 145.7 Mbit/s 3 | MB/s 393.216 | 2007 |
External PCI Express 2.0 ×1 | 4 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 | |
Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI | 4.25 Gbit/s | MB/s 531.25 | |
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed | 5 Gbit/s | MB/s 625 | 2010 |
eSATA (SATA 600) | 6 Gbit/s | MB/s 600 | 2011 |
CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link) | + 6.25 Gbit/s 20.833 Mbit/s | MB/s 781 | 2009 |
External PCI Express 2.0 ×2 | 8 Gbit/s | MB/s 1000 | |
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ | 10 Gbit/s | MB/s 1250 | 2013 |
Thunderbolt | 2 × 10 Gbit/s | 2 × MB/s 1250 | 2011 |
External PCI Express 2.0 ×4 | 16 Gbit/s | MB/s 2000 | |
Thunderbolt 2 | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.5 | 2013 |
USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+[55] (aka USB 3.2 Gen 2×2) | 20 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.424 | 2017 |
External PCI Express 2.0 ×8 | 32 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 | |
Thunderbolt 3 | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | 2015 |
USB4[56] | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | 2019 |
Thunderbolt 4 | 40 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | 2020 |
External PCI Express 2.0 ×16 | Gbit/s 64 | GB/s 8 |
MAC 到 PHY 的电脑总线
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
Media Independent Interface (MII; 4 lanes) | Mbit/s 100 | MB/s 12.5 | |
Reduced MII (RMII; 2 lanes) | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
Serial MII (SMII; 1 lane) | 100 Mbit/s | MB/s 12.5 | |
Gigabit MII (GMII; 8 lanes) | 1.0 Gbit/s | MB/s 125 | |
Reduced gigabit/s MII (RGMII; 4 lanes) | 1.0 Gbit/s | MB/s 125 | |
Serial gigabit/s MII (SGMII; 2 lanes) | 1.25 Gbit/s | MB/s 125 | |
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII (RSGMII; 2 lanes) | 2.5 Gbit/s | MB/s 250 | |
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII plus (RSGMII-PLUS; 2 lanes) | 5.0 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 | |
Quad serial gigabit/s MII (QSGMII; 2 lanes) | 5.0 Gbit/s | MB/s 500 | |
10 gigabit/s MII (XGMII; 32 lanes) | 10.0 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
XGMII attachment unit interface (XAUI; 4 lanes) | 10.0 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.25 | |
40 gigabit/s MII (XLGMII) | 40.0 Gbit/s | GB/s 5 | |
100 gigabit/s MII (CGMII) | Gbit/s 100.0 | GB/s 12.5 | 2008 |
PHY 到 XPDR 的电脑总线
名称 | 最高速率(位元/字节) | 推出年分 | |
---|---|---|---|
10 gigabit/s 16-bit interface (XSBI; 16 lanes) | Gbit/s 0.995 | GB/s 0.124 |
存储器总线
双通道带宽是理论上能够达到的最大带宽值,并不表示实际操作会有相等的性能提升。在许多方面,双通道(2 倍带宽)的性能与单通道的性能相近。
存储器类型 | 晶片规格 | 存储器频率 | 存储器速率 | 存储器带宽(位元/字节) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
FPM DRAM | 45 ns | MHz 22 | GT/s 0.177 | Gbit/s 1.416 | MB/s 177 |
EDO DRAM | 30 ns | 33 MHz | GT/s 0.266 | 2.128 Gbit/s | MB/s 266 |
PC-66 SDR SDRAM | 10/15 ns | 66 MHz | GT/s 0.066 | 4.264 Gbit/s | MB/s 533 |
PC-100 SDR SDRAM | 8 ns | 100 MHz | GT/s 0.100 | 6.4 Gbit/s | MB/s 800 |
PC-133 SDR SDRAM | 7/7.5 ns | 133 MHz | GT/s 0.133 | 8.528 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.066 |
RIMM-1200 RDRAM | PC-600 | 300 MHz | GT/s 0.600 | 9.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.2 |
RIMM-1400 RDRAM | PC-700 | 350 MHz | GT/s 0.700 | 11.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.4 |
RIMM-1600 RDRAM | PC-800 | 400 MHz | GT/s 0.800 | 12.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.6 |
PC-1600 DDR SDRAM | DDR-200 | 100 MHz | GT/s 0.200 | 12.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 1.6 |
RIMM-2100 RDRAM | PC-1066 | 533 MHz | GT/s 1.066 | 17.034 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.133 |
PC-2100 DDR SDRAM | DDR-266 | 133 MHz | GT/s 0.266 | 17.034 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.133 |
PC-2700 DDR SDRAM | DDR-333 | 166 MHz | GT/s 0.333 | 21.336 Gbit/s | GB/s 2.667 |
PC-3200 DDR SDRAM | DDR-400 | 200 MHz | GT/s 0.400 | 25.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.2 |
PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-400 | 200 MHz | GT/s 0.400 | 25.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.2 |
PC-3500 DDR SDRAM | DDR-433 | 216 MHz | GT/s 0.433 | 27.728 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.466 |
PC-3700 DDR SDRAM | DDR-466 | 233 MHz | GT/s 0.466 | 29.864 Gbit/s | GB/s 3.733 |
PC-4000 DDR SDRAM | DDR-500 | 250 MHz | GT/s 0.500 | 32 Gbit/s | GB/s 4 |
PC-4200 DDR SDRAM | DDR-533 | MHz 266 | GT/s 0.533 | Gbit/s 34.128 | GB/s 4.266 |
PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-533 | 266 MHz | GT/s 0.533 | 34.128 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.266 |
PC-4400 DDR SDRAM | DDR-550 | 275 MHz | GT/s 0.550 | 35.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.4 |
PC-4800 DDR SDRAM | DDR-600 | 300 MHz | GT/s 0.600 | 38.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 4.8 |
PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-667 | 333 MHz | GT/s 0.667 | 42.664 Gbit/s | GB/s 5.333 |
PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-750 | 375 MHz | GT/s 0.750 | 48 Gbit/s | GB/s 6 |
PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-800 | 400 MHz | GT/s 0.800 | 51.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 6.4 |
PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-800 | 400 MHz | GT/s 0.800 | 51.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 6.4 |
PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-900 | 450 MHz | GT/s 0.900 | 57.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 7.2 |
PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1000 | 500 MHz | GT/s 1 | 64 Gbit/s | GB/s 8 |
PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1066 | 533 MHz | GT/s 1.066 | 68 Gbit/s | GB/s 8.5 |
PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1066 | 533 MHz | GT/s 1.066 | 68 Gbit/s | GB/s 8.5 |
PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1100 | 550 MHz | GT/s 1.1 | 70.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 8.8 |
PC2-8888 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1100 | 550 MHz | GT/s 1.111 | 71.104 Gbit/s | GB/s 8.888 |
PC2-9136 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1142 | 571 MHz | GT/s 1.142 | 73.088 Gbit/s | GB/s 9.136 |
PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1150 | 575 MHz | GT/s 1.15 | 73.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 9.2 |
PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1200 | 600 MHz | GT/s 1.2 | 76.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 9.6 |
PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1250 | 625 MHz | GT/s 1.25 | 80 Gbit/s | GB/s 10 |
PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1333 | 667 MHz | GT/s 1.333 | 85.336 Gbit/s | GB/s 10.667 |
PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1375 | 688 MHz | GT/s 1.375 | 88 Gbit/s | GB/s 11 |
PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1600 | 800 MHz | GT/s 1.6 | 102.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 12.8 |
PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1625 | 813 MHz | GT/s 1.625 | 104 Gbit/s | GB/s 13 |
PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1800 | 900 MHz | GT/s 1.8 | 115.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 14.4 |
PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1866 | 933 MHz | GT/s 1.866 | 119.464 Gbit/s | GB/s 14.933 |
PC3-15000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1866 | 933 MHz | GT/s 1.866 | 119.464 Gbit/s | GB/s 14.933 |
PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2000 | 1000 MHz | GT/s 2 | 128 Gbit/s | GB/s 16 |
PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2133 | 1067 MHz | GT/s 2.133 | 136.528 Gbit/s | GB/s 17.066 |
PC4-17000 DDR4 SDRAM | DDR4-2133 | 1067 MHz | GT/s 2.133 | 136.5 Gbit/s | GB/s 17 [57] |
PC4-17600 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR4-2200 | 1100 MHz | GT/s 2.2 | 140.8 Gbit/s | GB/s 17.6 |
PC4-19200 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR4-2400 | 1200 MHz | GT/s 2.4 | 153.6 Gbit/s | GB/s 19.2 |
PC4-21300 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR4-2666 | 1333 MHz | GT/s 2.666 | 170.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 21.3 |
PC4-24000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR4-3000 | 1500 MHz | GT/s 3.0 | 192 Gbit/s | GB/s 24 |
PC4-25600 DDR4 SDRAM | DDR4-3200 | MHz 1600 | GT/s 3.2 | Gbit/s 204.8 | GB/s 25.6 |
PC5-38400 DDR5 SDRAM | DDR5-4800 | 2400 MHz | GT/s 4.8 | 307.2 Gbit/s | GB/s 38.4 |
PC5-41600 DDR5 SDRAM | DDR5-5200 | MHz 2600 | GT/s 5.2 | Gbit/s 332.8 | GB/s 41.6 |
PC5-44800 DDR5 SDRAM | DDR5-5600 | 2800 MHz | GT/s 5.6 | 358.4 Gbit/s | GB/s 44.8 |
PC5-48000 DDR5 SDRAM | DDR5-6000 | 3000 MHz | GT/s 6.0 | 384 Gbit/s | GB/s 48 |
PC5-51200 DDR5 SDRAM | DDR5-6400 | MHz 3200 | GT/s 6.4 | Gbit/s 409.6 | GB/s 51.2 |
参见
注解
- ^ TTY uses a Baudot code, not ASCII. This uses 5 bits per character instead of 8, plus one start and approx. 1.5 stop bits (7.5 total bits per character sent).
- ^ Data communication over the telephone network. [2008-02-06]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-27).
- ^ Morse can transport 26 alphabetic, 10 numeric and one interword gap plaintext symbols. Transmitting 37 different symbols requires 5.21 bits of information (25.21=37). A skilled operator encoding the benchmark "PARIS" plus an interword gap (equal to 31.26 bits) at 40 wpm is operating at an equivalence of 20.84 bit/s.
- ^ WPM, or Words Per Minute, is the number of times the word "PARIS" is transferred per minute. Strictly speaking the code is quinary, accounting inter-element, inter-letter, and inter-word gaps, yielding 50 binary elements (bits) per one word. Counting characters, including inter-word gaps, gives six characters per word or 240 characters per minute, and finally four characters per second.
- ^ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 All modems are wrongly assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 stop bits for 110-鲍率 modems). Therefore, currently modems are wrongly calculated with transmission of 10 bits per 8-bit byte (11 bits for 110-鲍率 modems). Although the serial port is nearly always used to connect a modem and has equivalent data rates, the protocols, modulations and error correction differ completely.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 數據機 Types and Timeline, Daxal Communications, 2003-12-16 [2009-04-16], (原始内容存档于2008-10-08)
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 ITU-T Recommendations: V Series: Data communication over the telephone network. ITU. [2008-02-06]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-27).
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 56K modems: V.90 and V.92 have just 5% overhead for the protocol signalling. The maximum capacity can only be achieved when the upstream (service provider) end of the connection is digital, i.e. a DS0 channel.
- ^ Note that effective aggregate bandwidth for an ISDN installation is typically higher than the rates shown for a single channel due to the use of multiple channels. A basic rate interface (BRI) provides two "B" channels and one "D" channel. Each B channel provides 64 kBit/s bandwidth and the "D" channel carries signaling (call setup) information. B channels can be bonded to provide a 128 kbit/s data rate. Primary rate interfaces (PRI) vary depending on whether the region uses E1 (Europe, world) or T1 (North America) bearers. In E1 regions, the PRI carries 30 B-channels and one D-channel; in T1 regions the PRI carries 23 B-channels and one D-channel. The D-channel has different bandwidth on the two interfaces.
- ^ Massey, David, Timeline of Telecommunications, Telephone Tribute, 2006-07-04 [2009-04-16], (原始内容存档于2021-02-27)
- ^ Adam.com.au. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2012-05-07).
- ^ Recommendation G.991.1 (10/98). ITU. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-04).
- ^ 13.0 13.1 DOCSIS 1.0 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2006-06-13. includes technology which first became available around 1995–1996, and has since become very widely deployed. DOCSIS 1.1 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2006-06-13. introduces some security improvements and Quality of Service (QoS).
- ^ 14.0 14.1 DOCSIS 2.0 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2009-09-04. specifications provide increased upstream throughput for symmetric services.
- ^ DOCSIS 3.0 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2006-06-19. includes support for channel bonding and IPv6.
- ^ G.983.2. ITU. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-05).
- ^ DOCSIS 3.1 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) is currently in development by the Cablelabs Consortium
- ^ G.984.4 : Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON). ITU. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-16).
- ^ G.987 : 10-Gigabit-capable passive optical network (XG-PON) systems. ITU. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-04).
- ^ Most operators only support up to 9600bit/s
- ^ SDSL is available in various speeds.
- ^ ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly below 2 Mbit/s. Some ADSL and SDSL connections have a higher digital bandwidth than T1 but their rate is not guaranteed, and will drop when the system gets overloaded, whereas the T1 type connections are usually guaranteed and have no contention ratios.
- ^ Satellite internet may have a high bandwidth but also has a high latency due to the distance between the modem, satellite and hub. One-way satellite connections exist where all the downstream traffic is handled by satellite and the upstream traffic by land-based connections such as 56K modems and ISDN.
- ^ 引用错误:没有为名为
DOCSIS 30
的参考文献提供内容 - ^ Ethernet throughput. [2008-02-06]. (原始内容存档于2008-05-26).
- ^ 26.0 26.1 "MoCA 1.1 improves throughput" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) over coaxial cable to 175 Mbits/s versus the 100 Mbits/s provided by the MoCA 1.0 specification.
- ^ FireWire natively supports TCP/IP, and is often used at an alternative to Ethernet when connecting 2 nodes. Tweaktown.com (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Data rate comparison between FW and Giganet shows that FW's lower overhead has nearly the same throughput as Giganet. Unibrain.com 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2008-02-07.
- ^ 29.00 29.01 29.02 29.03 29.04 29.05 29.06 29.07 29.08 29.09 InfiniBand SDR, DDR and QDR use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- ^ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.8 InfiniBand FDR-10, FDR and EDR use a 64b/66b encoding scheme.
- ^ Mac History. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-28).
- ^ VAW: Apple IIgs Specs 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2011-01-10.
- ^ The Zorro II bus use 4 clocks per 16-Bit of data transferred. See the Zorro III technical specification (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) for more information.
- ^ C-Bus, Bus used in early NEC PC-9800 series and compatible systems
- ^ STD 32 Bus Specification and Designer's Guide (PDF). [2017-05-16]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-12-26).
- ^ Local Area Networks Newsletter by Paul Polishuk, September 1992, Page 7 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (APbus used in Sony NeWS and NEC UP4800 workstations and NEC EWS4800 servers after VMEbus and before switch to PCI)
- ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) posting that the theoretical max of the Zorro III bus can be derived by the timing information given in chapter 5 of the Zorro III technical specification (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, states in this (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) posting that Zorro III is an asynchronous bus and therefore does not have a classical MHz rating. A maximum theoretical MHz value may be derived by examining timing constraints detailed in the Zorro III technical specification (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), which should yield about 37.5 MHz. No existing implementation performs to this level.
- ^ Dave Haynie, designer of the Zorro III bus, claims in this (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) posting that Zorro III has a max burst rate of 150 MB/s.
- ^ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 Note that PCI Express 1.0/2.0 lanes use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- ^ 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 PCIe 2.0 effectively doubles the bus standard's bandwidth from 2.5 GT/s to 5 GT/s
- ^ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 PCIe 3.0 increases the bandwidth from 5 GT/s to 8 GT/s and switches to 128b-130b encoding
- ^ 存档副本. [2017-09-18]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-22).
- ^ SCSI-1, SCSI-2 and SCSI-3 are signaling protocols and do not explicitly refer to a specific rate. Narrow SCSI exists using SCSI-1 and SCSI-2. Higher rates use SCSI-2 or later.
- ^ minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 1024 byte user data
- ^ minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 1460 byte user data
- ^ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 Fibre Channel 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC use an 8b/10b encoding scheme. Fibre Channel 10GFC, which uses a 64B/66B encoding scheme, is not compatible with 1GFC, 2GFC and 4GFC, and is used only to interconnect switches.
- ^ 48.0 48.1 minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 8192 byte user data
- ^ 49.0 49.1 49.2 minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 8960 byte user data
- ^ 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 50.5 SATA and SAS use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- ^ 51.0 51.1 minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 36 byte FC per 2048 byte user data
- ^ proprietary serial version of IEEE-488 by Commodore International
- ^ 存档副本. [2017-05-16]. (原始内容存档于2011-07-19).
- ^ 54.0 54.1 54.2 FireWire (IEEE 1394b) uses an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- ^ Dent, Steve. USB 3.2 doubles your connection speeds with the same port. Engadget. 26 July 2017 [26 July 2017]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-25).
- ^ Shilov, Anton. USB4 Specification Announced: Adopting Thunderbolt 3 Protocol for 40 Gbps USB. www.anandtech.com. [2019-06-26]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-09).
- ^ Scott Mueller. Upgrading and Repairing PCs. Que Publishing. Mar 7, 2013. Table 6.11: JEDEC Standard DDR4 Module (284-PIN DIMM) Speeds and Transfer Rate
外部链接
- Interconnection Speeds Compared (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Need for Speed: Theoretical Bandwidth Comparison (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) — Contains a graph illustrating bandwidth speeds