泥炭藓属
泥炭藓属 | |
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科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
门: | 藓类植物门 Bryophyta |
纲: | 泥炭藓纲 Sphagnopsida |
目: | 泥炭藓目 Sphagnales |
科: | 泥炭藓科 Sphagnaceae |
属: | 泥炭藓属 Sphagnum L. |
组 | |
异名 | |
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泥炭藓属(学名:Sphagnum)旧称水藓属,是泥炭藓科唯一的现存属,一般呈黄白色或灰白色,常有各种锈斑。
泥炭藓属的茎没有假根,并在沼泽中紧密丛生,下部逐渐死亡,上部继续生长;“叶”有大型无色的细胞,有极强的吸水力,所以能在沼泽地上大片的丛生,遗体逐年的堆积成泥炭,并使沼泽地、湖泊逐渐淤积成陆地。泥炭藓是酸性泥炭沼泽的主要优势物种,对碳固定有重要贡献。
经晒干后的泥炭藓是园艺常见的优秀介质,保水性佳又透气,常常代替土壤成为让盆景植物生长的介质。
下属物种
本属包括以下物种:
- 拟尖叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum acutifolioides Warnst
- 小叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum angustifolium
- 截叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum angstroemii
- 喙叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum apiculatum Lindb,多生于云、冷杉林下和落叶松甸子中。
- 粗叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum aquarrosum Crome.,生于林下积水地,云、冷杉林下和塔头中。是东北各林区常见种,常见孢蕨。
- 瓢叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum beccarii
- Sphagnum cavernulosum Flatberg & Whinam, 2011[1]
- 中华泥炭藓 Sphagnum chinense
- 密叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum compactum
- Sphagnum complanatum Flatberg & Whinam[1]
- 扭枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum contortum Schultzm, 1819
- 拟狭叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum cuspidatulum
- 狭叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh.
- 大泥炭藓 Sphagnum cymbifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw., 1782,为Sphagnum palustre L.的异名
- 细齿泥炭藓 Sphagnum denticulatum Bridel, 1826
- Sphagnum divinum [2]
- 长叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum falcatulum Sphagnum falcatulum Bescherelle, 1885
- 锈色泥炭藓 Sphagnum fuscum Klinggräff, 1872
- 白齿泥炭藓 Sphagnum girgensohnii Russ.,生于塔头甸子或高位沼泽,常形成大片藓丛。东北各林区分布普遍。
- 毛壁泥炭藓 Sphagnum imbricatum Hornschuch ex Russow, 1865
- Sphagnum incundum Flatberg & Hassel[3]
- Sphagnum intermedium Hoffm., 1796,为Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw.的异名
- 泛地泥炭藓 Sphagnum inundatum Russow, 1894
- Sphagnum islei Warnst.[1]
- Sphagnum isoviitae Flatberg, 1992[4],为Sphagnum fallax var. isoviitae (Flatberg) Lönnell & K.Hassel的异名
- 日本泥炭藓 Sphagnum japonicum Warnst.,为Sphagnum palustre L.的异名
- 垂枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum jensenii H.Lindb., 1899
- 暖地泥炭藓 Sphagnum junghuhnianum
- 加萨泥炭藓 Sphagnum khasianum
- 利尼泥炭藓 Sphagnum lenense
- 吕宋泥炭藓 Sphagnum luzonense
- Sphagnum magellanicum Brid., 1798[2]
- Sphagnum medium Limpr., 1881[2]
- 中位泥炭藓 Sphagnum magellanicum Brid., 1798
- 中位泥炭藓 Sphagnum magellanicu Brid., 1798,生于沼泽地或塔头甸子中,有时亦见于落叶松甸子中。
- 小孔泥炭藓 Sphagnum microporum Warnst. ex Cardot, 1904
- 多纹泥炭藓 Sphagnum multifibrosum
- 尖叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum nemoreum
- 秃叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum obtusiusculum
- 舌叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum obtusum
- 稀孔泥炭藓 Sphagnum oligoporum
- 卵叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum ovatum
- 泥炭藓 Sphagnum palustre
- 疣泥炭藓 Sphagnum papillosum
- 拟宽叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum platyphylloides
- 羽枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum plumulosum
- 异叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum portoricense
- 刺叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum pungifolium
- Sphagnum quarrosum
- 五列泥炭藓 Sphagnum quinquefarium
- 喙叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum recurvum
- 岸生泥炭藓 Sphagnum riparium
- 广舌泥炭藓 Sphagnum robustum (Warnst.) Röll,为 Sphagnum russowii Warnst.的异名
- 红叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum rubellum Wilson, 1855
- 广舌泥炭藓 Sphagnum russowii
- 丝光泥炭藓 Sphagnum sericeum C.Muell., 1847
- Sphagnum skyense Flatberg, 1988[5]
- 粗叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum squarrosum
- Sphagnum subsecumdum
- 偏叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum subsecundum
- 柔叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum tenellum
- 细叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum teres (Schimp.) Aongstr.,生于塔头沼泽或林下低洼积水地。
- 阔边泥炭藓 Sphagnum warnstorfianum
- 多枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum wulfianum
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 I Flatberg, Jennie Whinam & Marc Lebouvier (2011) Three species of Sphagnum endemic to Île Amsterdam, Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises: S. cavernulosum sp. nov., S. complanatum sp. nov. and S. islei, Journal of Bryology, 33:2, 105-121, DOI: 10.1179/1743282010Y.0000000019
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kristian Hassel, Magni O. Kyrkjeeide, Narjes Yousefi, Tommy Prestø, Hans K. Stenøien, Jonathan A. Shaw & Kjell Ivar Flatberg (2018) Sphagnum divinum (sp. nov.) and S. medium Limpr. and their relationship to S. magellanicum Brid., Journal of Bryology, 40:3, 197-222, DOI: 10.1080/03736687.2018.1474424
- ^ Magni Olsen Kyrkjeeide, Kristian Hassel, Blanca Shaw, A. Jonathan Shaw, Eva M. Temsch and Kjell Ivar Flatberg. 2018. Sphagnum incundum A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America. Phytotaxa. 333(1); 1–21. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1
- ^ K. I. Flatberg (1992) The European taxa in the Sphagnum recurvum complex. 1. Sphagnum isoviitae sp. nov. , Journal of Bryology, 17:1, 1-13, DOI: 10.1179/jbr.1992.17.1.1
- ^ Kjell I. Flatberg (1988) Sphagnum skyense sp. nov, Journal of Bryology, 15:1, 101-107, DOI: 10.1179/jbr.1988.15.1.101