痛觉过敏
痛觉过敏是一种对痛过度敏感的异常状态，原因可能是伤害感受器或末梢神经受损，其中起到关键作用的化学物质为前列腺素E和F[1]。鸭嘴兽毒[2]、长期服用鸦片类药物[3]都会造成痛觉过敏。依照痛感发生部位的不同，它可分为原发性痛觉过敏和继发性痛觉过敏两种。
和神经性疼痛、触模痛等神经障碍引发的疼痛一样，痛觉过敏可以通过SSRI、三环抗抑郁药[4][5]、非甾体类抗炎药[6]、糖皮质激素[7]、加巴喷丁[8]、普瑞巴林[9]、NMDA受体拮抗剂[10][11][12] 来治疗。换用非典型鸦片类药物如曲马朵也有利于减缓病情[13]。
参考文献
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- ^ Warncke T, Stubhaug A, Jørum E. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, suppresses spatial and temporal properties of burn-induced secondary Hyperalgesia in man: a double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo.. Pain. August 1997, 72 (1–2): 99–106. PMID 9272793. doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(97)00006-7.
- ^ De Kock MF, Lavand'homme PM. The clinical role of NMDA receptor antagonists for the treatment of postoperative pain. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. March 2007, 21 (1): 85–98. PMID 17489221. doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2006.12.006.
- ^ Klein T, Magerl W, Hanschmann A, Althaus M, Treede RD. Antihyperalgesic and analgesic properties of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist neramexane in a human surrogate model of neurogenic Hyperalgesia.. Eur J Pain. January 2008, 12 (1): 17–29. PMID 17449306. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.02.002.
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