阿卡围城战 (1189年—1191年)
阿卡围城战 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第三次十字军的一部分 | |||||||
![]() 对围城战的想像化 (1280年) | |||||||
| |||||||
参战方 | |||||||
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() | ||||||
指挥官与领导者 | |||||||
兵力 | |||||||
总共: 59,000人[1][2] 102艘船只[3] 最初时: 7,000–10,000人[4] 结束时: 25,000人[5] 11座重力抛石机 |
45,000–50,000人 | ||||||
伤亡与损失 | |||||||
19,000人死亡[1][9] |
守军: 5,000–10,000人死亡 救援部队:伤亡惨重 |
阿卡围城战是耶路撒冷王国的旧君主的吕西尼昂的居伊对叙利亚和埃及穆斯林领袖萨拉丁的第一次重大反击。这次关键的围攻构成了后来被称为第三次十字军东征的一部分。围攻从1189年8月持续到1191年7月,在此期间,这座城市的沿海位置意味着进攻的拉丁军队无法完全占领这座城市,萨拉丁无法完全解除这座城市的围困,双方都从海上获得了补给和资源。战争最终以十字军获得关键胜利、萨拉丁摧毁十字军国家的野心受挫而告终。
注脚
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Hosler 2018,第72页.
- ^ Tyerman, page 436
- ^ Hosler 2018,第19页.
- ^ Hosler 2018,第12页.
- ^ Tyerman, page 449: "There may have been only a few thousand fighters within Acre by then, while Saladin's army, despite regular reinforcement, cannot have matched the gathered strength of the Christians, whose army may have numbered by this time 25,000 men."
- ^ Hosler 2018,第34页.
- ^ Hosler 2018,第54页.
- ^ Hosler 2018,第45页.
- ^ Hosler 2018,第107页.
参考文献
- Asbridge, Thomas. The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land. Simon & Schuster. 2012. ISBN 978-1-84983-688-3.
- Hosler, John D. (2018) "The siege of Acre (1189–1191) in the historiographical tradition" History Compass (2018) DOI: 10.1111/hic3.12451
- Hosler, John. The Siege of Acre, 1189-1191: Saladin, Richard the Lionheart, and the Battle that Decided the Third Crusade. Yale University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-0-30021-550-2.
- Lane-Poole, Stanley. Saladin and the Fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem Williams & Norgate, London (1903). (Archived here)
- Pryor, John H. A Medieval Siege of Troy: The Fight to the Death at Acre, 1189–1191 or The Tears of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn. Halfond, Gregory I. (编). The Medieval Way of War: Studies in Medieval Military History in Honor of Bernard S. Bachrach. Farnham: Ashgate. 2015. ISBN 9781472419583.
- Reston, James, Jr. (2001). Warriors of God: Richard the Lionheart and Saladin in the Third Crusade. Random House, ISBN 0-385-49561-7.
- Tyerman, Christopher. The Crusades. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. 2007: 111– [2016-10-04]. ISBN 978-1-4027-6891-0. (原始内容存档于2022-04-04).