鍺的同位素
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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鍺(Ge,原子量:72.630(8))共有45個同位素,其中有4個同位素是穩定的。
圖表
符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量(u) [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] |
衰變 方式[3] |
衰變 產物 [n 4][n 5] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相對豐度 (莫耳分率)[4][n 2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量[n 2] | ||||||||
58Ge | 32 | 26 | 57.99101(34)# | 2p | 56Zn | 0+ | ||
59Ge | 32 | 27 | 58.98175(30)# | 2p | 57Zn | 7/2−# | ||
60Ge | 32 | 28 | 59.97019(25)# | 30# ms | β+ | 60Ga | 0+ | |
2p | 58Zn | |||||||
61Ge | 32 | 29 | 60.96379(32)# | 39(12) ms | β+, p (80%) | 60Zn | (3/2−)# | |
β+ (20%) | 61Ga | |||||||
62Ge | 32 | 30 | 61.95465(15)# | 129(35) ms | β+ | 62Ga | 0+ | |
63Ge | 32 | 31 | 62.94964(21)# | 142(8) ms | β+ | 63Ga | (3/2−)# | |
64Ge | 32 | 32 | 63.94165(3) | 63.7(25) s | β+ | 64Ga | 0+ | |
65Ge | 32 | 33 | 64.93944(11) | 30.9(5) s | β+ (99.99%) | 65Ga | (3/2)− | |
β+, p (.01%) | 64Zn | |||||||
66Ge | 32 | 34 | 65.93384(3) | 2.26(5) h | β+ | 66Ga | 0+ | |
67Ge | 32 | 35 | 66.932734(5) | 18.9(3) min | β+ | 67Ga | 1/2− | |
67m1Ge | 18.20(5) keV | 13.7(9) µs | 5/2− | |||||
67m2Ge | 751.70(6) keV | 110.9(14) ns | 9/2+ | |||||
68Ge[n 6] | 32 | 36 | 67.928094(7) | 270.95(16) d | ε | 68Ga | 0+ | |
69Ge | 32 | 37 | 68.9279645(14) | 39.05(10) h | β+ | 69Ga | 5/2− | |
69m1Ge | 86.765(14) keV | 5.1(2) µs | 1/2− | |||||
69m2Ge | 397.944(18) keV | 2.81(5) µs | 9/2+ | |||||
70Ge | 32 | 38 | 69.9242474(11) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.2052(19) | ||
71Ge | 32 | 39 | 70.9249510(11) | 11.43(3) d | ε | 71Ga | 1/2− | |
71mGe | 198.367(10) keV | 20.40(17) ms | IT | 71Ge | 9/2+ | |||
72Ge | 32 | 40 | 71.9220758(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.2745(15) | ||
72mGe | 691.43(4) keV | 444.2(8) ns | 0+ | |||||
73Ge | 32 | 41 | 72.9234589(18) | 稳定 | 9/2+ | 0.0776(8) | ||
73m1Ge | 13.2845(15) keV | 2.92(3) µs | 5/2+ | |||||
73m2Ge | 66.726(9) keV | 499(11) ms | 1/2− | |||||
74 Ge |
32 | 42 | 73.9211778(18) | 稳定 | 0+ | 0.3652(12) | ||
75Ge | 32 | 43 | 74.9228589(18) | 82.78(4) min | β− | 75As | 1/2− | |
75m1Ge | 139.69(3) keV | 47.7(5) s | IT (99.97%) | 75Ge | 7/2+ | |||
β− | 75As | |||||||
75m2Ge | 192.18(7) keV | 216(5) ns | 5/2+ | |||||
76Ge[n 7] | 32 | 44 | 75.9214026(18) | 1.78(8)×1021 y | β−β− | 76Se | 0+ | 0.0775(12) |
77Ge | 32 | 45 | 76.9235486(18) | 11.30(1) h | β− | 77As | 7/2+ | |
77mGe | 159.70(10) keV | 52.9(6) s | β− (79%) | 77As | 1/2− | |||
IT (21%) | 77Ge | |||||||
78Ge | 32 | 46 | 77.922853(4) | 88(1) min | β− | 78As | 0+ | |
79Ge | 32 | 47 | 78.9254(1) | 18.98(3) s | β− | 79As | (1/2)− | |
79mGe | 185.95(4) keV | 39.0(10) s | β− (96%) | 79As | (7/2+)# | |||
IT (4%) | 79Ge | |||||||
80Ge | 32 | 48 | 79.92537(3) | 29.5(4) s | β− | 80As | 0+ | |
81Ge | 32 | 49 | 80.92882(13) | 7.6(6) s | β− | 81As | 9/2+# | |
81mGe | 679.13(4) keV | 7.6(6) s | β− (99%) | 81As | (1/2+) | |||
IT (1%) | 81Ge | |||||||
82Ge | 32 | 50 | 81.92955(26) | 4.55(5) s | β− | 82As | 0+ | |
83Ge | 32 | 51 | 82.93462(21)# | 1.85(6) s | β− | 83As | (5/2+)# | |
84Ge | 32 | 52 | 83.93747(32)# | 0.947(11) s | β− (89.2%) | 84As | 0+ | |
β−, n (10.8%) | 83As | |||||||
85Ge | 32 | 53 | 84.94303(43)# | 535(47) ms | β− (86%) | 85As | 5/2+# | |
β−, n (14%) | 84As | |||||||
86Ge | 32 | 54 | 85.94649(54)# | >150 ns | β−, n | 85As | 0+ | |
β− | 86As | |||||||
87Ge | 32 | 55 | 86.95251(54)# | 0.14# s | 5/2+# | |||
88Ge | 32 | 56 | 87.95691(75)# | >=300 ns | 0+ | |||
89Ge | 32 | 57 | 88.96383(97)# | >150 ns | 3/2+# |
← | 同位素列表 | → |
鎵的同位素 | 鍺的同位素 | 砷的同位素 |
参考文獻
- ^ M. Agostini; et al. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of 76Ge. Physical Review Letters (American Physical Society (APS)). 2023-10-03, 131 (14). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.142501.
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语).
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- ^ Standard Atomic Weights: Germanium. CIAAW. [2024-05-28].
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
元素與同位素的穩定度 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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