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Help:西西里語國際音標

维基百科,自由的百科全书

以下给出维基百科条目中以國際音標表示西西里语读音的方法。欲查看在条目中添加国际音标符号的指引,请见{{IPA-scn}}。

辅音[1]
國際音標 例子
b bancheri, abbentu, campu[2][3]
c chiancheri, cchiù, chiḍḍu[3]
ç ciumi, çiuçiari, xuri
d denti, sarda, addumannari[3][4]
dz cunzigghiu, panza, n sicilianu[3][5]
Giappuni, lèggiri, manciari[2][3]
ɖ beḍḍu, cavaḍḍu, dragunara, cuntrariu[2][3]
f figghiu, cufuruna, nfamia[3]
ɡ (ɡ)[6] aggrancari, gula, jancu[3][7][8]
ɟ figghia, àghiru, gherciu, tri jorna, jìnchiri[7][8][9]
k canigghia, accussì, quarru, muncu[3]
l valanza, còllira
m mèttiri, lemmu[10]
ɱ nfarrainari, nvernu[10]
n novu, cunnùciri, nzèmmula[10]
ŋ loncu, ngrisi, sangu[8][10]
ɳ landreḍḍu, contra[10]
ɲ lagnusìa, gnuranti, nchiostru[2][8][10]
p tuppu, pirchì, sìmprici[3]
r rùmpiri, parrata[11]
ɾ cornu, lu denti[4][11]
ɽ àutri, mandracchiu[11]
s sugnu, spiari, cassulari[5]
ʂ strata, mastru[5][12]
ʃ cascia, pisci, scena[2][5][13]
t tanticchia, stritta, muntunarìa[3]
ts zappagghiuni, pizzulari, canzuna, n sicilianu[2][3][5]
pacenzia, vucceri, canciamentu[3][13]
ʈ àutri, quatratu, cuntrariu[3]
v vucca, aviri, avvucatu, nfamia[3]
z sbagghiu, sdisinnata, rosmarina[5]
半元音
國際音標 例子
j jinnaru, lu jornu, pajari, piaciri[7][9]
w quannu, acqua, guadagnu
元音
國際音標 例子
重读元音[14]
a squatra, càdiri, cità
ɛ beni, tèniri, cafè
i stidda, arrìmula, ripitì
ɔ sonu, vòmmira, masinnò
u zùccuru, curnutu, nacchiù
非重读元音
a squatra, aviri
ɪ càdiri, fitusu
ʊ curnutu, càudu
方言元音
e (Salentino英语Salentino) càdiri, gammali[15]
超音段成分
國際音標 例子 解释
ˈ capiḍḍu [kaˈpiɖɖʊ] 重读
ˌ suttasupra [ˌsuttaˈsuːpɾa] 次重读
. triangulari [ʈɽɪ.aŋŋʊˈlaːɾɪ] 音节分割
ː pirtusu [pɪɾˈtuːsʊ] 长元音

注释

  1. ^ If a consonant is doubled after a vowel, it is 輔音延長. In 國際音標, gemination can be represented either by doubling the consonant (fattu [ˈfattʊ], mezzu [ˈmɛttsʊ]) or by the length marker ⟨ː⟩. Sicilian, like standard 意大利语, also has a sandhi phenomenon called syntactic gemination英语syntactic gemination, generally not represented graphically: e.g. è loncu [ˌɛ lˈlɔŋkʊ].
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 /b/, /dʒ/, /ɖ/, /ɲ/, /ʃ/ and /ts/ are always 輔音延長 after a vowel, before a vowel or a semivowel.
  3. ^ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 In a few (but not all) dialects, /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /ʈ/, /k/, /c/ and for some even /f/, when preceded by a nasal, may be replaced by their voiced counterparts [b], [d], [dz], [dʒ], [ɖ], [ɡ], [ɟ], [v].
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 The common realization of vowel-following single /d/ is [ɾ].
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 s may be rendered as [ʃ] before voiceless consonants, [ʒ] before voiced or nasal consonants, and is always [ts]~[dz] after a nasal; it merges with following /ʈ(ɽ)/ giving [ʂː] (e.g. finestra [fɪˈnɛʂː(ɽ)a]).
  6. ^ If the two characters ⟨ɡ⟩ and do not match and if the first looks like a ⟨γ⟩, then you have an issue with your default font. See Help:IPA § Rendering issues.
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 When not geminated nor preceded by a consonant, /ɡ/ and /ɟ/ may also be realized as [ɣ] / [j], respectively, or dropped.
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 After n, /ɡ/ and /ɟ/ might nasalize to [ŋ] / [ɲ], respectively (e.g. lingua [ˈliŋŋwa]).
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 When /j/ is geminated or preceded by a nasal it is replaced by [ɟ] (e.g. un jencu [uɲ ˈɟɛŋkʊ]~[uɲ ˈɲɛŋkʊ]).
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 鼻音 (辅音) always 語音同化 their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Thus, the n in /nk/~/nɡ/ is a velar [ŋ], the one in /nc/~/nɟ/~/nɲ/ is a palatal [ɲ], the one in /nʈ/~/nɖ/ is a retroflex [ɳ] and the one in /nf/~/nv/ is a labiodental [ɱ] (with /nv/ also realized as [ɱː]). A nasal before /p/, /b/ and /m/ is a labial [m].
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 r has a variety of realizations, the most common of which are: [ɾ] if single, though usually [ɽ] after d / t (or even [ʐ] / [ʂ], respectively); [r] or [ʐː] if geminated. At the beginning of a word it is always geminated.
  12. ^ Always geminated.
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 When not geminated nor following another consonant, /tʃ/ tends to be pronounced [ʃ].
  14. ^ In recent borrowings, mostly from 意大利语, and certain limited compounds, /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ might also appear in unstressed position (e.g. ristoranti [rɪstɔˈɾantɪ], comegghiè [kɔmɛɟˈɟɛ]).
  15. ^ Salentino英语Salentino contrasts unstressed /ɪ/ and /e/. A good illustration of that is the word càdiri, which is pronounced [ˈkaːɾɪɾe] in Salentino and [ˈkaːɾɪɾɪ] elsewhere.

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