^Bell, Peter and Hemsley, Alan (2000) Green Plants: Their Origin and Diversity(2nd ed.) ISBN 0-521-64109-8
^Carman J.G., Crane C.F., Riera-Lizarazu O. 1991. Comparative Histology of Cell Walls during Meiotic and Apomeiotic Megasporogenesis in Two Hexaploid Australasian Elymus Species. Crop Science 31:1527-1532