西藏度亡经
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度亡經(藏語:བར་དོ་ཐོས་གྲོལ,威利转写:bar do thos grol,THL:bardo thödröl(巴多脫卓)),即《西藏度亡經》,又譯為《中陰得度法》或《中陰救度密法》、《中陰聞教救度大法》,此書是伏藏,在14世紀時被發掘。由寧瑪派伏藏師事業洲(Karma Gling-pa, 1376-1394)所取出的蓮花生大士巖藏法《寂靜忿怒密意自解脫》自称是作者為八世紀印度高僧蓮花生大師留下来的伏藏密书,該書依照佛教義理介紹了人離世後處於中有階段的演變情形。該階段最長49天,然後開始下一期生命。有人認為此書參雜苯教觀念,和佛教論典的「中有」教義不符[1]。
亡者的心識將幻化文武百尊,為寂靜本尊相四十二尊,忿怒本尊相五十八尊。以強烈光體顯現,根據蓮花生所說,只要亡者在中陰時期辨識出文武百尊中任何一尊,當下即可融入本尊光體中,獲得解脫。
如果有正確方法的引導,靈魂在此期間可以得到解脫、出離輪迴。所以中陰救度的意義非常重要,這也是本書在一千多年來備受重視的原因。
該書由西藏喇嘛達瓦桑杜及其美國弟子溫慈博士編譯為英文,於1927年出版後引起國際影響。心理學家卡爾·榮格对此书进行評述,稱之為他的“隨身伴侶”。
本書由中華民國學者徐進夫於1982年譯成中文出版,北京宗教文化出版社於1995年在大陸出版簡體字版本。
參考文獻
- Coleman, Graham, Editor's introduction, Coleman, Graham (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: First Complete Translation, Penguin Books, 2005, ISBN 978-0143104940
- Conners, Peter, White Hand Society: The Psychedelic Partnership of Timothy Leary & Allen Ginsberg, City Lights Books, 2013
- Cuevas, Bryan J. The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
- Evans-Wentz, W. Y. (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead (PDF) 1957 1st (ebook translation), Oxford University Press, 1960 [1927] [2017-10-03], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-04-15)
- Forbes, Andrew; Henley, David (编), The Illustrated Tibetan Book of the Dead, Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books, 2013
- Fremantle, Francesca; Trungpa, Chögyam (编), The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation through Hearing in the Bardo by Guru Rinpoche according to Karma Lingpa, Boulder: Shambhala, 1975, ISBN 1-59030-059-9
- Fremantle, Francesca, Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead, Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications, 2001, ISBN 1-57062-450-X
- Gould, Jonathan, Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain, and America, Crown Publishing Group, 2007
- Leary, Timothy; Metzner, Ralph; Alpert, Richard, THE PSYCHEDELIC EXPERIENCE. A manual based on THE TIBETAN BOOK OF THE DEAD (PDF), 1964 [2017-10-03], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-19)
- Lee, Martin A.; Shlain, Bruce, Acid Dreams: The Complete Social History of LSD : the CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond, Grove Press, 1992
- Lopez, Donald S., Jr., The Tibetan book of the dead : a biography, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0691134352
- Merkur, Daniel, The Formation of Hippie Spirituality: 1. Union with God. In: J. Harold Ellens (ed.), "Seeking the Sacred with Psychoactive Substances: Chemical Paths to Spirituality and to God", ABC-CLIO, 2014
- Miles, barry, Many Years From Now, Vintage, 1998
- Norbu, Namkhai, Foreword, Reynolds, John Myrdin (编), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989
- Reynolds, John Myrdin, Appendix I: The views on Dzogchen of W.Y. Evans-Wentz and C.G. Jung, Reynolds, John Myrdin (编), Self-liberation through seeing with naked awareness, Station Hill Press, Inc., 1989
- Valdez, Juan, The Snow Cone Diaries: A Philosopher's Guide to the Information Age, AuthorHouse, 2014
延伸閱讀
- Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche (1991) The Bardo Guidebook Rangjung Yeshe Publications 1991.
- Cuevas, Bryan J. (2003) The Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Fremantle, Francesca (2001). Luminous Emptiness: understanding the Tibetan Book of the dead. Boston, MA: Shambhala Publications ISBN 1-57062-450-X
- Griffin, Mark (2008) The Bardo Thodol – A Golden Opportunity. Los Angeles: HardLight Publishing. ISBN 978-0975902028
- Lati Rinpochay & Hopkins, Jeffrey (1985) Death, Intermediate State and Rebirth, Ithaca: Snow Lion
- Lodo, Lama (1987) Bardo Teachings. Ithaca: Snow Lion
- Mullin, Glenn H. (1986) Death and Dying: the Tibetan Tradition Penguin-Arkana ISBN 0-14-019013-9
- Sögyal Rinpoche, with Gaffney, Patrick & Harvey, Andrew (eds.) (1992) The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying. San Francisco: Harper ISBN 0-06-250793-1
參見
- 沃爾特·葉林·埃文斯-溫茲(Walter Evans-Wentz)
外部連接
- History article (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Bardo Thodol – The Tibetan Book of the Dead – Public Domain PDF ebook (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- The Tibetan Book of the Dead: A Way of Life – First part of a documentary filmed in Ladakh by NHK, Mistral and CFB
- The Tibetan Book of the Dead: The Great Liberation – Second part of a documentary filmed in Ladakh by NHK, Mistral and CFB
- "The Life, Death and Rebirth of The Tibetan Book of the Dead" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Donald S. Lopez Jr., Berfrois(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), 13 April 2011
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